Changing the way you learn

BIO 1

FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF LIFE
1. These properties define life
2. Cellular Organization
  1. All organisms consist of one or more cells
    1. Cells
      1. Complex assemblages of molecules enclosed within membranes
  2. Levels of Cellular Organization
    1. Organism
      1. Organ System
        Organ
        Tissue
        Cell
3. Sensitivity
  1. All organisms respond to different stimuli differently
4. Growth
  1. -All living things assimilate energy to grow:metabolism
  2. -e.g.Plants use sunlight to create covalent carbon bonds (C02, H20) through photosynthesis
  3. transfer of energy is essential for life
5. Development
  1. multicellular organisms undergo gene-directed changes
6. Reproduction
  1. -passing of traits from one generation to next -ongoing life is impossible without it
7. Regulation
  1. All organisms have regulatory mechanisms
8. Homeostasis
  1. living things maintain relatively constant internal conditions
9. NOTES
  1. Phototropism- plants go toward the sun Helianthus-Sunflower; greek god Helios
CELL THEORY
1. Robert Hooke (1655)
  1. first discovered cells in 1655 -discovered cell while observing non- living oak tree
    1. cells were empty because he observed non- living cells
    2. Observations were published in Micrographia
2. Anton von Leeuwenhoek (1674) - made his own microscope
  1. Dutch naturalist;animalcules meaning little animals
3. Henri Dutrochet(1824)
  1. 'cell is the basic unit of organization'
4. Robert Brown (1831)
  1. discovered nucleus
5. Matthias Schleiden (1838
  1. German Botanist- discovered plants were made up of cells
6. Theodor Schwann (1839)
  1. German Zoologist- 'animals are also made up of cells'
7. Rudolf Virchow( 1855)
  1. 'cells come from pre-existing cells'
8. 1.Cells are fundamental units of structures and functions of living things
9. 2. All living things are made up of one or more cells
10. 3. Cells come from pre-existing cells
11. Notes
  1. Zachariah S. Jansen- compound microscope; telescope HOOKE VS. NEWTON, ROBERT REMACK VS RUDOLF VIRCHOW Schwann-Schwann Cell
  2. Cecile-immobile e.g. barnacles- special reprod.system: long line; sperm shower Barnacles + Whales=commensalism Barnacles+ Turtles= parasitism
PROKARYOTIC VS EUKARYOTIC CELL
1. Prokaryotic
  1. Circular DNA , free floating
  2. no nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
  3. small(1-5 mm)
  4. always unicellular -e.g. bacteria/archaea
2. Eukaryotic
  1. DNA is linear found in nucleus -Has nucleus and membrane - bound organelles
  2. Larger(10-100mm)-can be unicellular e.g. plants/animals
3. Endosymbiotic Theory
  1. organelles were once prokaryotes that lived within a larger cell and evolved together
4. Common Misconceptions
  1. prokaryotes are all unicellular, eukaryotes can either be uni or multicellular e.g. protists are unicellular eukaryotes
  2. Prokaryotes contain genetic information - stored in single circular choromosomes- nucleoid
5. Notes
  1. "eu"karyote=true 'karyon'- nucleus
    1. plants-multicellular
    2. animals- multicellular/unicellular
  2. "pro"karyote=before nucleus
  3. "omnis cellula e cellula" = all cells come from cells
  4. Theory of Biogenesis
    1. life creates life
  5. Theory of Abiogenesis
    1. no life creates life- disproved by Francesco Redi through experimentation
  6. Theory of Panspermia

Next up

BIO 1

Description

Resource summary

Similar

	Created by G Knuckle over 6 years ago