Born to a Protestant
family in County
Dublin, 1865.
Rejected Christianity and organised religion in favour of 'spirituality'.
An Irish nationalist. He later distanced himself from explicit politics.
Loved and lusted after Maud Gonne, proposed to her 4 or 5 times.
Descriptions
"His thought was dialectical;
for every truth he found he
embarced a counter truth ...
equally true, which did not
negate it" (Marjorie Howes)
"He repeatedly remade himself as
a writer, public figure, even as a
person. And yet his work revolved
around a few central
preoccupations and themes:
Ireland, the occult, sexual love and
the power of art to change the
world (Majorie Howes)
"Yeats intended to open and complicate
the meaning of Irishness". (Seamus Heaney)
Romanticism
(prioritising high
emotion instead of
rationality, intuition
over science and nature
over urbanity).
Late 18th century Europe.
A response to
the Industrial
Revolution and
the
Enlightenment.
Yeats'
early work
was highly
Romantic
The Stolen Child, The Cold Heaven, Wild
Swans at Coole, The Cat and the Moon,
Sailing to Byzantium, Leda and the Swan,
Among School Children
The political upheaval in
Ireland ended his Romantic
ideals.
"Hated the
sterilities of
Victorian
scientific
rationalism"
(George Watson)
Yeats opposed
orthodox religious
morality and narrow
Utilitariam and
puritan authors.
Opposed criticism of 'the Celt',
over the 'Saxon'. Used the Celtic stereotype
Still accepted that he
was a product of his era.
Modernism (breaking rules and
traditions, accepting that forms of
art, literature, religion and social
convention were becoming
outdated, questioning man's place
in the universe, and concerned
with language and how to use it).
Yeats hated modernism,
yet features of it like
free verse and vulgar
colloquial language
appeared in his later
works.
September 1913, An Irish Airman Foresees
his Death, The Fisherman, Easter 1916, In
Memory of Eva Gore-Booth and Constance
Markievicz, The Man and the Echoe.
Yeats' Philosophy
'A Vision' (1925) outlines a
system dictated by supernatural
commentators.
Gyres
Each person, country and era has opposite mingling elements which reach their zenith then subside.
Historical events fluctuate, but are predetermined.