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260919
Cardiac Drugs
Description
Mind Map on Cardiac Drugs, created by aliswright on 10/08/2013.
Mind Map by
aliswright
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
aliswright
over 11 years ago
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Resource summary
Cardiac Drugs
Thiazide diuretics
First line treatment
Stops body from selectively reabsorbing sodium circulating blood volume decreased
Bendroflumethiazide
Contraindication = gout as increases uric acid Potassium depletion
Nitrates
Rapid relief - GTN Prophalaxis - isosorbide mononitrate
Angina
Vasodilator, decreased preload and afterload
Unwanted effects - postural hypotension, flushing, headache
Given - sublingual, buccal (instant) Patch, capsule
Calcium channel blockers
Calcium = smooth muscle contraction, vasodilator, decreased afterload, HR and contractility
Angina (prophalaxis) Hypertension
Headache, flushing, oedema, fatigue, palpitations
Myocardium action - verapamil Blood vessel action - amlodipine
PINE
Beta blockers (antagonists)
Hypertension
B1 (cardiac) receptors, SNS
Angina, post MI, hypertension, chronic HF, anxiety...
Unwanted effects - Bronchoconstriction in asthma, HF
LOL
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors
Stop angiotensin 2, a vasoconstrictor, from acting on the blood vessels - stops the conversion of angiotensin 1 - 2.
Unwanted effects - Hypotension, dry cough (irritated bronchial mucosa)
PRIL
Catopril (more side effects), lisinopril, ramipril
Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists
Vasodilator - Block angiotensin 2 receptors preventing vasocontriction
Used when patients cannot take ACE inhibitors
ARTAN
Candesartan, losartan,eprosartan
Digitalis drugs - digoxin
Increases force of cardiac contraction and lowers HR
AF and HF
Not is HR is below 60
Alpha adrenoreceptor antagonists
Block A1 receptors of SNS = vasodilation
Hypertension, cardiac failure
Unwanted effects - Dizzyness, hypotension, tachycardia
SIN/IN
Atropine
Antimuscarinic - blocks acetocholine receptor in PNS
Used in bradycardia (eg, after MI)
Statins
Lower cholesterol - inhibit enzyme in liver needed for cholesterol synthesis
Atorvastatin, simvastatin
NICE guidelines for treatment of hypertension
A = ACE inhibitor C = calcium channel blocker D = diuretic (eg, thiazide)
Step 1 = A or C (if 55+ or black)
Step 2 = A + C
Step 3 = A + C + D
Step 4 = A + C + D + diutetic, alpha blocker or beta-blocker
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