Water flow through plants

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Mind Map on Water flow through plants, created by mtuhill-duane on 11/17/2013.
mtuhill-duane
Mind Map by mtuhill-duane, updated more than 1 year ago
mtuhill-duane
Created by mtuhill-duane about 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Water flow through plants
  1. Xylem
    1. Take water up
      1. Made of dead cells joined end to end with no end walls between them and a hole down the middle.
        1. Carry water and minerals from the roots to the stem and leaves in the transpiration stream.
        2. Phloem
          1. Made of columns of living cells with small holes in the ends to allow substances to flow through.
            1. Transport food substances (mainly dissolved sugars) made in the leaves to growing regions (e.g. new shoots) and storage organs (e.g. root tubers) of the plant.
              1. Transportation goes in both directions.
              2. Transpiration
                1. Caused by the evaporation and diffusion of water from inside the leaves.
                  1. This creates a slight shortage of water in the leaf, and so more water is drawn up from the rest of the plant through the xylem vessels to replace it.
                    1. This in turn means that more water is drawn up from the roots and so there's a constant transpiration stream of water through the plant.
                      1. Transpiration is just a side-effect of the way that plants are adapted for photosynthesis. They have to have stomata in them so that gases can be exchanged easily.
                        1. Because there's more water inside the plant than in the air outside, the water escapes from the leaves via the stomata because of osmosis.
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