History of Photography 1839-Present day

1839-1859
1. 1859-1879
  1. 1879-1899
    1. 1899-1919
      1. 1919-1939
        1939-1959
        1959-1979
        1979-1999
        Steve McCurry
        Annotations:
        McCurry was a prominent documentary and editorial photographer in the early 80s when he photographed the Afghan Civil war in 1984 he captured his most famous image Afghan Girl. He became a Magnum photographer in 1986 and is still very prominent to this day.
        Afghan Girl
        Annotations:
        Date: 1984 http://stevemccurry.com/galleries/portraits
        Martin Parr
        Annotations:
        Martin Parr is a very prominent Photographer known for trying to depict a new outlook on daily life through his photographs. He is a member of Magnum however his membership is often criticised as he doesn’t really fill the medium of tragedy usually depicted by the organisations members.
        Untitled (Benidorm)
        Annotations:
        Date: 1997 http://www.martinparr.com/?attachment_id=427
        Kevin Carter
        Annotations:
        Kevin Carter was a south African photojournalist that documented the armed conflicts in Africa his most famous photo came from the Fammine in Sudan when he captured a vulture stalking a dying girl, for which he won a Pultzer award. Carter was filled with guilt and committed suicide in 1994.
        Vulture and the little girl
        Annotations:
        Date: 1993 https://iconicphotos.wordpress.com/2009/08/12/vulture-stalking-a-child/
        1999-present day
        Andreas Gursky
        Annotations:
           Gursky is a German Photographer acclaimed for his large scale colour prints of landscape to emphasise the detail in his photos, he often adopts high points of view when photographing to add composition to his work.
        Bahrain 1
        Annotations:
        Date: 2005 http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/gursky-bahrain-i-p79322
        Gregory Crewdson
        Annotations:
        Crewdson received his master of fine arts degree from Yale in the 80s where he later became a Photography lecturer and has been on faculty since 1993. Crewdson is renowned for trying to capture the perfect moment in his Photographs often using Film style crews and lighting in the early 2000s. he takes inspiration from directors and artists such as David Lynch and Stephen Spielberg.
        Untitled 2007
        Annotations:
        Date:2001   http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/p/gregory-crewson/
        Damien Blottiere
        Annotations:
        Blottieres roots are in fashion which he has exhibited in a large body of his photographic work he studied Fashion in Paris in his earlier years but was always interested in photography and adopted photomontage to add a twist to his fashion work.
        Untitled (2015)
        Annotations:
        Date: 2015 http://damienblottiere.tumblr.com/
        Idris Khan
        Annotations:
        Idris khan is an artist that uses secondary source material for example taking other peoples images and overlays them to create an image that is not drilled as a single point in time, he was commissioned by the British museum to photograph British landmarks in 2012.
        The Houses of Parliament
        Abelardo Morell
        Annotations:
        Born in Cuba in 1948 Morrells’ family fled to New York he studies art at Yale university and has released several books on art and photography he is most known for his camera obscura work.
        Camera Obscura of Manhattan (Looking south)
        Annotations:
        Date: 1996 http://www.shadowofthehouse.com/press.html
        Bernd and Hilla Becher (The Bechers)
        Annotations:
        The Bechers were german artists that influenced generations of documentary photographers with their typology work that focused on industrial buildings and other structures. They would only shoot their photos on overcast days to add composition to their photos.
        Charleroi Montignies
        Annotations:
        Date: 1971 http://uk.phaidon.com/agenda/photography/picture-galleries/2011/november/18/how-the-bechers-made-the-boring-beautiful/?idx=4&idx=4
        Edward Ruscha (Ed)
        Annotations:
        Ed Ruscha is an american artist that has many reputable skills including that was a large part of the Pop art movement but often paints, prints, draws, photographs and writes. His most famous photographic work comes from his first book 26 Gasoline stations to which he is a self-confessed lover.
        Untitled (26 gasoline stations)
        Annotations:
        Date:1962   http://uk.phaidon.com/agenda/art/articles/2013/september/09/ed-ruscha-explains-his-love-of-gas-stations/
        Malcolm Browne
        Annotations:
        Born in 1931 in New York Browne became a photojournalist while working for the associated press he was chief correspondent for Indochina when he captured the immolation of a Vietnamese monk in 1963. His photo won him the photojournalist of the year award.
        The Burning Monk
        Annotations:
        Date:1963 https://vietnamiconicphotos.wordpress.com/tag/malcolm-browne/
        Robert Capa
        Annotations:
           Robert Capa was a wartime documentary Photographer that captured images of the D-Day landing on Omaha Beach. He survived that fateful day but was killed at the age of 40 by a landmine in Vietnam. He worked for Life magazine for the majority of his career and was the Co-founder of Magnum.
        The Magnificent 11
        Annotations:
        Date: 1944 http://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2013/02/14/arts/driven-to-shoot-on-the-frontlines/#.Vij1zH6rTIU
        Diane Arbus
        Annotations:
           Diane Arbus was famous for photographing marginalised people such as dwarfs, giants, transgender people, nudists, circus performers—and others whose normality was perceived by the general populace as ugly or surreal. In 1971 Arbus committed suicide.
        Kid in black face with Friend
        Annotations:
        Date: 1957 http://www.artnet.com/artists/diane-arbus/kid-in-black-face-with-friend-nyc-1957-a-W_r-TMmll_MdUXuQsaH7Wg2
        Weegee
        Annotations:
        Weegee was a documentary photographer in New York in the 1930s and 40s he grew to fame with crime scene photos as he was the only person in New York who had the license to have an emergency services radio in his car, he often beat the emergency services to the scene and documented the events he found there.
        Untitled (My Opinion)
        Annotations:
        Date: 1940 https://crimephotography.wordpress.com/weegee/
        Andreas Feininger
        Annotations:
        Born in 1906 Fieninger was an American photographer and writer who created dynamic images of New York in black and white. However in 1949 he photographed a Sikorsky helicopter taking off and landing to create a light drawing that appeared on the cover of life magazine.
        Sikorsky 3
        Annotations:
        Date: 1949 http://www.shootingfilm.net/2013/09/amazing-long-exposures-of-rotating.html
        Harold Edgerton
        Milk Coronet
        Ansel Adams
        Annotations:
        Ansel Adams is often considered the Godfather of Landscape Photography, as an environmentalist he spent a lot of time in the wild and collaterally captured the American west in Monochrome specifically Yosemite National Park.
        Monolith Face of the Half dome
        Annotations:
        Date: 1927 http://www.anseladams.com/new-modern-replica-monolith-face-half-dome/
        Dorothea Lange
        Annotations:
        Born in 1895 Lange will be remembered for her photography during the great depression in the United States Dorathea was acting on behalf of the government with many other photographers to document the effects of the depression.
        Migrant Mother
        Annotations:
        Date: 1936 http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/128_migm.html
        Brassai
        Annotations:
        Brassai was a Hungarian artist who flourished in Paris between the world wars he aimed to capture the city essence in his photos and released his first book in 1933 titled Paris de nuit (Paris by night).
        l'escalier de Monmartre
        Annotations:
        Date: 1936 http://sandyschopbach.blogspot.co.uk/2014/03/out-about-exhibits-brassai-for-love-of.html
      2. Edward Steichen
        Annotations:
        Steichen had many styles in which he photographed including landscape, portraits, fashion and still life. His most famous image is the Pond Moonrise which is one of the most expensive prints ever selling for $2.9 million.
        The pond Moonrise
        Annotations:
        Date: 1904 http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/267815
      3. Hannah Hoch
        Annotations:
        One of the last artists of the Weimar period Hoch was a photomontage photographer that created very abstract and often disturbing images.
        Cut with the Dada kitchen knife through the last Weimar beer belly cultural
        Annotations:
        Date: 1919 https://www.artsy.net/artwork/hannah-hoch-cut-with-the-dada-kitchen-knife-through-the-last-weimar-beer-belly-cultural-epoch-in-germany
      4. Anton Bragaglia
        Waving
    2. Alfred Stieglitz
      Annotations:
      - Born in 1864 Stieglitz had a very successful career spanning over 50 years he helped to make photography an accepted art form he is also known for the New York galleries he ran in the early 20th century.
      1. Reflections In New York
        Annotations:
        Date: 1897 http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/art/336784
    3. Eadweard Muybridge
      Annotations:
      - Born in 1830 the English Photographer is remembered for his pioneering work in motion photography. He used the wet plate collodion process to create his prints.
      1. Horse in Motion
        Annotations:
        Date: 1879 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadweard_Muybridge
  2. Edward L Allen
    Annotations:
    - Edward L. Allen was an American Photographer that photographed many significant landmarks in Boston in the 1860s-1870s he had a studio in Boston that he shared with Frank Rowell.
    1. After the Fire Boston
      Annotations:
      - Date: 1872 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_L._Allen#/media/File:1872_after_fire_Boston_byEdward_L_Allen_BPL_4926930574.jpg
  3. Nadar
    Annotations:
    - Nadar was not only a Photographer he was also a journalist and balloonist, in 1854 a banker proposed that he start a Portrait photography business. He was taught by Gustave Le Gray.
    1. Eugene Pellatin
      Annotations:
      - Date: 1859 http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/nadr/hd_nadr.htm#slideshow2
  4. Oscar Rejlander
    Annotations:
    - Rejlander was a pioneering victorian art photographer that exhibited professional photomontage standards in his early work although often taking portraits such as this one of 1st Baron Tennyson.
    1. 1st Baron Tennyson
      Annotations:
      - Date: 1860 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Gustave_Rejlander#/media/File:Alfred_Tennyson,_1st_Baron_Tennyson.jpg
2. Louis Daguerre
  Annotations:
  - Born in 1787 the painter and physicist created the first photographic process known as the Daguerreotype, his process brought developing time down from around 8 hours to 30 minutes.
  1. Boulevard Du Temple
    Annotations:
    - Date: 1839 http://www.alistairscott.com/daguerre/
3. Gustave Le Gray
  Annotations:
  - Considered one of the greatest photographers of the nineteenth century due to his creativity in the new medium of photography. He also taught many photographers. He became part of Mission Heliographique and set out to photograph French monuments.
  1. Pavillion Mollien
    Annotations:
    - Date: 1859 http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/63666/gustave-le-gray-mollien-pavilion-the-louvre-french-1859/
4. Robert Adamson
  Annotations:
  - Robert Adamson was hired in 1843 by David Octavious Hill they produced 2500 catolypes over 5 years before Adamsons untimely death in 1848.
  1. His faithers breeks
    Annotations:
    - Date: 1843 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Adamson_(photographer)
Image Capturing ability
1. Era
  1. The Vicorian Era 1839-1859
    Annotations:
    - This was the period that ensued after Queen Victoria took the thrown in 1837 after the death of William IV. During this Era Britain was very powerful at this point in history with strong industry and a peaceful outlook.
    1. The Victorian Era 1859-1879
      Annotations:
      - This period ended when Queen Victoria died in 1901 and was preceded by the Edwardian Era. Queen Victoria had ruled England for 62 years at the time of her death.
      1. The Machine Age 1879-1899
        Annotations:
        The Machine Age ran through many decades but was prominent in the early 1900s as Mankind began to think bigger with the creation of many machines such as the Titanic.
        World War 1 1899-1919
        Annotations:
        This was the largest conflict that the world had ever seen, a war involving many countries centred in Europe lasting from 1914-1918. the war ended when the Austro-Hungarian empire agreed to an armistice.
        The Great Depression 1919-1939
        Annotations:
        The great Depression is often considered to show the worlds economy at its lowest point in recent history. the depression began in the US where stock prices fell and in turn made all shareholders want to sell on their shares which collapsed the Wall Street Stock market.
        World War 2 1939-1959
        Annotations:
        World war 2 was the largest conflict that the world had seen to date due to the mass of countries effected. It started in 1939 and ended in 1945 six years and one day on when the Nazi party collapsed and Nuclear war heads were dropped in Nagasaki and Hiroshima.
        The Cold War, Atomic Age and Space Race 1959-1979
        Annotations:
        The Nuclear Arms race was a significant movement between the USSR and the USA when both sides armed themselves to create nuclear dominance. This Era also birthed the space race between the two rivals due to increasing technology and a race to reach the moon before one another.
        Age of technology 1979-1999
        Annotations:
        The age of technology created a new platform for the human race to be built upon transitioning from the industrial Era into a new Era filled with easy to access data through advanced technology that made the world a more connected place and outdated many traditional communication methods.
        War On Terror 1999-Present day
        Annotations:
        The war on terror is slowly but surely becoming a huge landmark in Human History that has dominated the media for the past 15 years and continues to be a part of the races daily existence to this day.
2. Humble beginnings pre 1839
  Annotations:
  - Image capturing was seen in its earliest stages through Camera obscura created by an Iraqi scientist, however images could not be captured and were actually just projected to another surface.
  1. Late 1830s
    Annotations:
    - In the late 1830s Joseph Nicephore Niepce coated a pewter plate with bitumen and exposed it through a portable camera obscura and thus photography as we know it was born... kind of
    1. The Daguerotype
      Annotations:
      - Pioneered by Louis Daguere and Niepce they replaced the pewter plate in the camera with a copper plate coated with silver and Iodine vapour, these plates usually had to be exposed for around 15 minutes before the image was captured.
      1. 1850s
        Annotations:
        Dagurotypes were surpaced in use in the 1850s when Emulsion plates were created that replaced the copper plate with either a glass or tin plate these plates were much more sensitive to light and improved exposure time massively which accommodated for the most common photography at the the time, portraits.
        Image and the War
        Annotations:
        In the early 1930s many photographers such as Henri Cartier Bresson adopted the 35mm camera which grew to become a very popular choice by many photographers as they captured life as it happened, eliminating the need for staged photo shoots. 35mm film became more popular as WW2 began.
        Model 95
        Annotations:
        During the rise of the 35mm film camera, Polaroid released its model 95 that used technology to produce instant images that printed from the camera this caught on with many amature photographers due to the instant access to photos.
        The 1950s
        Annotations:
        Pentax and Nikon stormed the Photography scene in the 1950s with new cameras, the SLRs these cameras could be changed and improved depending on the photographers budget with new lenses or power winders. These cameras became standard for the next 30 years.
        The Smartest Yet
        Annotations:
        As the 1970s was coming to an end the world was turning a new page, as was photography with the introduction of smart cameras that could calculate aperature and shutter speed based on the surroundings.
        Digital
        Annotations:
        Through the late 80s and 90s Digital methods began to creep into photography and became more popular than film, This was because digitally capturing images allowed for more than one print and backups to be made.
        Domination in the Photographic world
        Annotations:
        Today there are many companies that produce these digital cameras at many different levels and price ranges some of the most popular are Canon, Nikon, Pentax and Sony.
Significant Worldevents
Annotations:
- Follow lines to progress through the History
1. 1840 British colonists arive in New Zealand
  1. 1848 The gold rush in California begins
    1. 1851 the New York times is founded
      1. 1859 Big Ben chimes over London for the first time
        1860 Abraham Lincoln is nominated president
        1861 Civil War begins in USA
        1862 France recognises Photography as an Art
        1865 Lincoln Assassinated by John wilkes Botth
        1871 British Colombia becomes part of Canada
        1872 Yellowstone becomes first National Park
        1881 Greenwich Mean Time becomes standard
        1884 Oxford English dictionary first edition
        1885 George eastman creates modern photograph film
        1886 Automobile Beginings
        1893 First moving picture films
        1896 First Modern Olympic Games
        1898 US Spanish War declared
        1901 Queen Victoria dies
        1909 First Men reach the North Pole
        1912 Titanic Sinks
        1913 Ford introduces assembly line
        1914 start of World War 1
        1916 Battle of the Somme
        1921 Irish free state splits from UK
        1927 First solo transatlantic Flight
        1929 Black Tuesday Stock market crash
        1931 Empire state building Completed
        1939 World war 2 starts
        1939 Chile earthquake
        1941 Japanese attack pearl Harbour
        1944 D Day
        1945 First atomic bomb tested
        1945 Hitler suicide end of ww2
        1951 Colour TV introduced
        1953 DNA discovered
        1958 NASA founded
        1961 Berlin wall built
        1962 Cuban Missile Crisis
        1963 JFK assassinated
        1964 Beatles dominate USA
        1965 US troops deployed in Vietnam
        1968 Martin Luther king jr assassinated
        1969 First man on the moon
        1974 President Nixon resigns
        1977 first Star Wars move released
        1980 John Lennon assasinated
        1981 Aids identified
        1986 Chernobyl Nuclear disaster
        1989 Berlin wall falls
        1989 World Wide Web invented
        1990 Gardner Heist biggest art theft in histroy
        1992 Bosnian Genocide Begins
        1999 Euro introduced as new currency
        2001 9/11
        2004 Madrid train bombings
        2005 7/7 Bombings London
        2006 Saddam Hoessein condemed to death
        2008 Barack Obama become first black president
        2010 US soldiers withdraw from Iraq
        2010 Wikileaks publishes documents
        2011 Osama Bin Laden killed
        2014 ISIS appears in the media
        2015 North Korea threatens to bomb USA

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	Created by Daniel Shields over 8 years ago