Copy and Edit

Wake up dad

Description

Mind Map on Wake up dad, created by Hind Alzaabi on 10/24/2022.
Hind Alzaabi
Mind Map by Hind Alzaabi, updated more than 1 year ago
Hind Alzaabi
Created by Hind Alzaabi over 3 years ago
6
0
0

Resource summary

Wake up dad
  1. Anatomy of the upper respiratory tract
    1. control of breathing
      1. involuntary breathing
        1. controlled by
          1. chemoreceptors
            1. central
              1. sensitive to changes in PH
                1. increased carbon dioxide
                  1. decreased PH
                    1. signals the inspiratory center to increase breathing rate
              2. peripheral
                1. in carotid bodies and aortic bodies
                  1. Detect changes in arterial PO2, PCO2 and pH
              3. mechanoreceptors
                1. respiratory muscles
                  1. breathing control centers
                    1. medullary
                      1. pneumotaxic
                        1. inhibit inspiration
                        2. apneustic
                          1. activates inspiration
                        3. lung stretch receptors
                          1. located in the smooth muscle of the airways
                            1. distention of lungs and airways
                              1. ↓ inspiration and ventilation
                                1. Hering-Breuer reflex = prolong expiratory period
                          2. joint and muscle receptors
                            1. Mechanoreceptors located in the joints and muscles
                              1. Detect limb movement
                                1. ↑ breathing rate
                            2. irritant receptors
                              1. Located between epithelial lining of the airways
                                1. respond to noxious chemicals and particles
                                  1. ↑ breathing rate & constriction of bronchial smooth muscle
                              2. J receptors
                                1. Located in the alveolar wall
                                  1. Detect engorgement of blood and increase interstitial fluid
                                    1. ↑ breathing rate
                            3. voluntary breathing
                              1. controlled by cerebral cortex
                                1. Voluntarily hyperventilation
                                  1. Voluntarily hypoventilation
                                2. Obstructive sleep apnea
                                  1. occurs due to recurrent soft tissue collapse in the pharyngeal airway
                                    1. repetitive episodes of complete or partial upper airway blockage during sleep
                                      1. risk factors
                                        1. obesity
                                          1. strongest risk factor
                                          2. gender (male> female)
                                            1. older age
                                              1. family history
                                                1. smoking
                                                  1. nasal congestion
                                                  2. signs and symptoms
                                                    1. snoring
                                                      1. pauses in breathing during sleep
                                                        1. abrupt awakenings
                                                          1. awakening with a dry mouth or sore throat
                                                            1. morning headache
                                                              1. cognitive impairment
                                                                1. complications
                                                                  1. Systemic & pulmonary hypertension
                                                                    1. Hypoxia-induced cardiac arrhythmia
                                                                      1. cardiac infarction
                                                                        1. daytime fatigue and sleepiness
                                                                          1. Poor sleep leads to increased appetite and obesity.
                                                                            1. increased risk of vascular dementia
                                                                        2. Management
                                                                          1. CPAP
                                                                            1. continuous positive airway pressure
                                                                              1. a machine that uses mild air pressure to keep breathing airways open while you sleep
                                                                            2. lifestyle changes
                                                                              1. Surgical removal of tissue
                                                                                1. jaw surgery (maxillomandibular advancement)
                                                                                  1. Surgical opening in the neck (tracheostomy)

                                                                                  Media attachments

                                                                                  Show full summary Hide full summary

                                                                                  Want to create your own Mind Maps for free with GoConqr? Learn more.

                                                                                  Similar

                                                                                  Browse Library