46989
Description
Mind Map by xxalishaxx20111, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by xxalishaxx20111
almost 12 years ago
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Skeletal and
Muscular System
- Flexion- angle of joint decreases, e.g. arms
bent at elbow in preparation for a chess pass
- Extension- angle of joint increases, e.g.
tennis player making serve with arm at full
length
- Abduction- limbs move away from the
body, e.g. gymnast moving hands
towards vault
- Adduction- limbs are brought towards the
body, e.g. swimmer performing butterfly
brings towards body in pull phase
- Adduction- limbs are brought towards the
body, e.g. swimmer performing butterfly
brings towards body in pull phase
- Abduction- limbs move away from the
body, e.g. gymnast moving hands
towards vault
- Sporting Movements
- Extension- angle of joint increases, e.g.
tennis player making serve with arm at full
length
- Muscular System
- Three major bones located in the leg; femur,
patella and fibula
- Two muscles located in the leg: quadriceps and
hamstring
- Two muscles located in the leg: quadriceps and
hamstring
- Three major bones located in the leg; femur,
patella and fibula
- Skeletal System
- Functions of the skeleton: movement, shape, protection,
support, blood produesion
- Four types of bone: long bone- femur, tibia,
ulnar(movement) short bone- phalanges, carpals,
tarsals(distribute weight/shock absorbers)
- Flat bone- cranium, ribs, sternum(protection of vital
organs/attach muscles)
- Irregular bone- vertebral column,
face(shape/support)
- Questions:
- Three functions of the skeleton: shape, protection,
support
- What is aerobic?:When your body converts glucose to
energy with the presence of oxygen and produces
water and carbon dioxide as waste products
- What is meant by anaerobic?:When your body converts glucose to energy
without oxygen and produces latic acid as a waste product.
- What is meant by anaerobic?:When your body converts glucose to energy
without oxygen and produces latic acid as a waste product.
- What is aerobic?:When your body converts glucose to
energy with the presence of oxygen and produces
water and carbon dioxide as waste products
- Three functions of the skeleton: shape, protection,
support
- Questions:
- Irregular bone- vertebral column,
face(shape/support)
- Flat bone- cranium, ribs, sternum(protection of vital
organs/attach muscles)
- Four types of bone: long bone- femur, tibia,
ulnar(movement) short bone- phalanges, carpals,
tarsals(distribute weight/shock absorbers)
- Functions of the skeleton: movement, shape, protection,
support, blood produesion
- Joints and movements
- Tendons attach bone to muscle, Ligiments attach bones to
bones
- The point where the muscle is fixed e.g. the nearest flat bone to the
muscle is called the origin
- The point where the muscle moves e.g. the part of the body it puts into
motion is called the insertion
- Origin for biceps and triceps is at the shoulder.
The body is moved by groups not individual
muslces
- Muscles work in pairs, as muscles can only pull therefore
need to work in partnership so movement can occur.
- The pulling muscle is called the
prime mover (agonist)
- When a muscle pulls it contracts or becomes shorter.
- Muscles work in antagonistic pairs
- Antagonistic pairs abilities are to relax and contract which effects the range of flexibility
at a joint.
- Synovial joint are freely moveable. They are important to a sportsperson as they allow the greatest
amount of movement+flexibility.
- Pivot joint- neck and only allows you
to rotate.
- Gliding joint- ankle and a little bit of movement in every
direction.
- Condyloid joint- wrist and movement forwards and backwards and left to
right.
- Hinge joint- elbow and movement, flexion and extension.
- Ball + Socket- shoulder and neck movement in all directions and rotation.
- Ball + Socket- shoulder and neck movement in all directions and rotation.
- Hinge joint- elbow and movement, flexion and extension.
- Condyloid joint- wrist and movement forwards and backwards and left to
right.
- Gliding joint- ankle and a little bit of movement in every
direction.
- Pivot joint- neck and only allows you
to rotate.
- Synovial joint are freely moveable. They are important to a sportsperson as they allow the greatest
amount of movement+flexibility.
- Antagonistic pairs abilities are to relax and contract which effects the range of flexibility
at a joint.
- Muscles work in antagonistic pairs
- The muscle that relaxes is called the
antagonist. When a muscle relaxes in
lengthens
- When a muscle pulls it contracts or becomes shorter.
- The pulling muscle is called the
prime mover (agonist)
- Muscles work in pairs, as muscles can only pull therefore
need to work in partnership so movement can occur.
- Origin for biceps and triceps is at the shoulder.
The body is moved by groups not individual
muslces
- The point where the muscle moves e.g. the part of the body it puts into
motion is called the insertion
- The point where the muscle is fixed e.g. the nearest flat bone to the
muscle is called the origin
- Tendons attach bone to muscle, Ligiments attach bones to
bones
- Fast Twitch
- They contract fast
- They are white
- Used when quick reactions
- Limited oxygen supply
- Used with short bursts of energy
- Used for sports such as javelin, high jump etc.
- Used for sports such as javelin, high jump etc.
- Used with short bursts of energy
- Limited oxygen supply
- They are white
- Both muscle fibres
- Slow twitch
- Red in colour
- contract many times
- efecient over long periods of time
- efecient over long periods of time
- very good oxygen supply
- gives energy
- 10,000m running race (aerobic sport)
- 10,000m running race (aerobic sport)
- gives energy
- Red in colour
- Slow twitch
- They contract fast
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