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Soufriere Hills in Montserrat

Description

Volcano - Case Study
Sean Jennings
Mind Map by Sean Jennings, updated more than 1 year ago
Sean Jennings
Created by Sean Jennings over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Soufriere Hills in Montserrat
  1. Description
    1. June 25th, 1997
      1. Large
        1. 4.5 Million m3 of rocks and ash released
        2. 19 Deaths and 7 Injured
          1. Montserrat is a small island
            1. In the Caribbean sea
          2. Cause
            1. Montserrat is on a destructive plate margin
              1. The Atlantic plate was forced under the Caribbean plate
              2. Magma rose through weak points under the hills
                1. Forming pools of magma
                  1. Rocks above collapsed
                    1. Opening the vent and causing the eruption
              3. Impacts
                1. Primary
                  1. Large areas covered with volcanic material
                    1. Capital city - Plymouth
                      1. Buried by 12m of mud and ash
                    2. 20 villages and 2/3 of houses destroyed
                      1. By pyroclastic flows
                      2. Services destroyed
                        1. Schools
                          1. Hospitals
                            1. The airport
                              1. The port
                              2. Vegetation and farmland destroyed
                                1. Deaths
                                  1. 19
                                  2. Injured
                                    1. 7
                                  3. Secondary
                                    1. Fires destroyed buildings
                                      1. Police HQ
                                        1. Government offices
                                          1. Central petrol station
                                          2. Tourism reduced
                                            1. Businesses ruined
                                              1. Economy disrupted
                                              2. Population decline
                                                1. 8000/12000 inhabitants left
                                                2. Volcanic ash improved fertility of soil
                                                  1. Tourism increased from the volcano's popularity
                                                3. Responses
                                                  1. Long term
                                                    1. Risk map made
                                                      1. Exclusion zone put in place
                                                      2. UK provided further money
                                                        1. £41
                                                          1. For development of the North of the island
                                                            1. New docks
                                                              1. New airport
                                                                1. New houses
                                                              2. Volcano Observatory built
                                                                1. To predict future eruptions
                                                              3. Immediate
                                                                1. Evacuation
                                                                  1. From the South to the North
                                                                  2. Shelters built for evacuees
                                                                    1. Temporary infrastructure
                                                                      1. Roads
                                                                        1. Electricity supplies
                                                                        2. Emergency aid provided by the UK
                                                                          1. £17 million
                                                                            1. Montserrat - overseas territory of the UK
                                                                            2. Local emergency service
                                                                              1. Search and rescue
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