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5023055
B6
Description
GCSE Biology Mind Map on B6, created by Alice Hathaway on 04/04/2016.
No tags specified
biology
gcse
Mind Map by
Alice Hathaway
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Alice Hathaway
about 8 years ago
14
1
0
Resource summary
B6
The Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Brain and spinal chord
Coordinates a response to a stimulus
Stimulus e.g. bright light
Receptor e.g. retina
Sensory neuron
CNS
Motor neuron
Effector e.g. muscle or gland
Response e.g. pupil contracts
Reflex Arc
Peripheral Nervous System
Sensory neurons and motor neurons
Sensory neurons: carry impulses from the receptors to the CNS (relay neuron)
Motor neurons: carry impulses from the CNS to effectors
Effectors = muscles or glands that respond to nervous impulses
Connects CNS to the body
Neurons and Synapses
Neurons transmit signals around the body through electrical impulses
Axon: long fibre of extended cytoplasm surrounded by cell membrane
It's long so impulses are able to travel quickly (cross less synapses)
Fatty sheath: surrounds axon; protecting neuron and speeding up electrical impulses
Branching dendrites attach to effectors or other neruons
Synapses are the space between neurons
When an impulse reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the vesicles to bind to the neuron's cell membrane
The neurotransmitter chemicals in the vesicles are released into the synapse
The chemicals diffuse across the synapse and bind to receptors on the membrane of the next neuron
When they bind, they trigger the electrical impulse to continue in the next neuron
Only specific transmitter chemicals can bind to receptors (like lock and key)
e.g. serotonin
Drugs
Ecstacy
Anti-depressants
Block sites where serotonin is removed
Therefore increased concentration in the synapse
Bind to receptors more often/ quicker
Trigger more impulses in the next neuron
Serotonin and impulses makes person feel happier :)
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