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OCD & RELATED DISORDERS

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Mind Map on OCD & RELATED DISORDERS, created by Ashley Robertson on 04/10/2016.
Ashley Robertson
Mind Map by Ashley Robertson, updated more than 1 year ago
Ashley Robertson
Created by Ashley Robertson over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

OCD & RELATED DISORDERS
  1. OCD
    1. COMPULSIONS OFTEN LOWER ANXIETY CREATED BY OBSESSIONS
      1. OBSESSIONS AND/OR COMPULSIONS-- DOESN'T HAVE TO BE BOTH
        1. OBSESSIONS = INTRUSIVE, UNWANTED, RECURRENT THOUGHTS/IMAGES/URGES
          1. DISTRESSING, UNCONTROLLABLE, FEEL ABNORMAL
          2. COMPULSIONS = REPETITVE, RITUALISTIC BEHAVIOURS
            1. BEHAVIOURAL OR COGNITVE
        2. 1-3 HOURS = MILD, 3-8 = MODERATE, 8+= SEVERE
          1. MALE = FEMALE, 2-3% LT PREVALENCE
            1. BRAIN PATTERN DEVELOPS OVER TIME
              1. SITUATION TRIGGERS OBSESSION
                1. OBSESSION TRIGGERS ANXIETY CIRCUIT
                  1. ANXIETY RESPONSE TRIGGERS COMPULSION
                    1. ACTING OUT COMPULSION TRIGGERS REWARD CENTRE
                      1. PATHWAY BETWEEN OBSESSION, COMPULSION AND RELIEF IS ESTABLISHED
            2. BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER
              1. SEVERE PREOCCUPATION WITH PERCEIVED DEFECT IN APPEARANCE IN ANY PART OF THE BODY
                1. LIKELY A FORM OF OCD
                  1. TYPICALLY SPEND MANY HOURS LOOKING IN OR AVOIDING MIRRORS, CONSTANTLY TOUCHING BODY PART, ETC
                  2. TREATMENT OPTIONS:
                    1. CBT (CHALLENGING COGNITIONS, GRADUAL EXPOSURE THERAPY)
                      1. SSRI'S MAY BE EFFECTIVE
                    2. HOARDING DISORDER
                      1. PERSISTENT DIFFICULTY IN DISCARDING POSSESSIONS; PERCEIVED NEED TO SAVE ITEMS
                        1. 2-5% LT PREVALENCE
                          1. MOST COMMON IN ELDERLY, LOW -SES/ BORDERING HOMELESSNESS
                        2. TRICHOTILLOMANIA (HAIR-PULLING)
                          1. RECURRENT, UNCONTROLLABLE PULLING OF HAIR RESULTING IN LOSS
                            1. SIMILAR TO OCD-- REMOVAL OF HAIR RELIEVES ANXIETY
                          2. EXCORIATION DISORDER (SKIN PICKING)
                            1. RECURRENT, OBSESSIVE/COMPULSIVE SKIN PICKING RESULTING IN LESIONS
                            2. TRAUMA AND STRESSOR-RELATED DISORDERS
                              1. 4 CLUSTERS
                                1. RECURRENT RE-EXPERIENCING OF TRAUMA
                                  1. AVOIDANCE OF STIMULI/NUMBING OF GENERAL RESPONSE TO STIMULI
                                    1. NEGATIVE COGNITIONS (BLAME) AND ALTERATIONS OF MOOD (OR PARANOIA)
                                      1. PERSISTENT SYMPTOMS OF INCREASED AROUSAL (HYPERVIGILANCE)
                                      2. TREATMENT
                                        1. CBT USUALLY INEFFECTIVE
                                          1. SUGGESTED APPROACH = EMDR
                                            1. RELATED TO BILATERAL SENSATIONS IN THE BRAIN
                                              1. THEORY: RELATED TO REM-SLEEP AND PROCESSING PATTERNS DURING SLEEP
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