5390736
Causes of Poverty
- War
- Made the most
dangerous
vagrants:
- 1) ex-retainers
- 2) involved in
warfare
- 2) involved in
warfare
- 1) ex-retainers
- Redundant
retainers =
didn't find other
work
- Numbered
3-4000 a shire
- Numbered
3-4000 a shire
- Made the most
dangerous
vagrants:
- Price inflation
- Average wage and living
standard declined
- Number
of people
= to more
jobs than
available
- Grain
prices
tripled
- Food
outstripped
wages 2:1
- Historians =
divided as to the
cause of inflation
- Debasement = worsened
inflation. Rising pop put
pressure on limited
resources
- Average wage and living
standard declined
- Harvest failures
- Eng =
predominantly
agrarian. 90% of
pop involved in
agriculture.
- Economy
was
vulnerable
to natural
disaster
- resulted in
disastrous
consequences
for
living
standards
- resulted in
disastrous
consequences
for
living
standards
- Over 16% of
Harvests = bad
(according to
W.G Hawkins)
- Eng =
predominantly
agrarian. 90% of
pop involved in
agriculture.
- Enclosure
- Acts of
enclosure and
embarking =
harmful
- Enclosure = "a
great social evil"
(Sir Thomas More)
- E's reign -
enclosure of the
common land =
past it's peak
- Acts of
enclosure and
embarking =
harmful
- Rising population
- 40% of pop = children
- 1522-25 = 2.3 m
- 1601 = 4.1 m
- 1601 = 4.1 m
- Rising birth rates
= to reduction in
mortality
- Pop grew by
43%
between
1550 - 1600
- 40% of pop = children
- Fluctuations in cloth industry
- Urban wage
earner = more
vulnerable
- Unemployment
in towns =
worse by trade
bans on wool
exports to the
Netherlands
- At the mercy of
ext. factors e.g.
plague, war and
harvest
- = a
reduction
in
employment
- = a
reduction
in
employment
- Urban wage
earner = more
vulnerable
- Closure of monasteries
- Jordan = charitable bequests increased
- Slone = no allowance for inflation
- Slone = no allowance for inflation
- Monastic
alms =
£65,000 a
year
- Public +
private =
£45,000 by
1600
- Didn't mark
charitable
response to
poverty
- Slack = puritans -
more active in poor
relief than believed
- Jordan = charitable bequests increased
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