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Reactions of Alkenes
Description
A Levels Chemistry Mind Map on Reactions of Alkenes, created by cookietime on 11/03/2014.
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chemistry
chemistry
a levels
Mind Map by
cookietime
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Created by
cookietime
about 10 years ago
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Resource summary
Reactions of Alkenes
Electrophilic addition
electrophiles attack the double bond and are added to the carbon.
electrophiles are electron pair acceptors so they are normally positive
ions like H+ or NO2+
delta positive part of a molecule
double bond is nucleophilic (wants to donate electrons)
Bromine water test for alkenes
Shake with bromine water and the solution turns colourless
Electrophilic addition, as the delta positive bromine is attacked by the double bond
With hydrogen halides
electrophilic addition reaction
when it is an unsymmetrical alkene, two products are made
higher carbocation = more stable = more likely
with water and sulphuric acid catalyst
electrophilic addition with the sulphuric acid
hydrolysed to form an alcohol and the sulphuric acid is regenerated
Steam hydration
300 degrees, 60 atm, phosphoric acid catalyst
reversible reaction with low yield
ethene gas recycled to increase yield
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