The Old Regime, Enlightment and Spain.

Description

A mindmap of the first unit of the History textbook written by Jane Drummond, Geona Edwards, Belén Garrido and Martin Minchom and published by Santillana and Richmond. Title of the unit: "The Old Regime" Contents: "The Old Regime" "Systems of Goverment" "The Enlightment" "The War of Spanish Succession" and "Enlightened despotism in Spain" 9 / 10 / 2016
Borja Martinena Cepa
Mind Map by Borja Martinena Cepa, updated more than 1 year ago
Borja Martinena Cepa
Created by Borja Martinena Cepa over 7 years ago
90
4

Resource summary

The Old Regime, Enlightment and Spain.
  1. The Enlightment
    1. Ideas
      1. Reason
        1. Criticised nobility and clergy
          1. Criticised guilds
          2. Natural Rights
            1. Individual liberty
              1. Equality against the law
              2. Knowledge
                1. Key to happiness
                  1. Archived through reason
                    1. Gave greater importance to education
                  2. Tolerance
                  3. Thinkers
                    1. Montesquieu
                      1. Voltaire
                        1. Rousseau
                          1. John Locke
                          2. Enlightened depostism
                            1. Absolute Monarchs were influenced by Enlightened ideals.
                              1. Founded new educational Institutions
                                1. Expropiated unused lands to make them more productive
                                  1. Modernized bureocracies and strengthened administration.
                              2. The Old Regime
                                1. Society divided in 3 estates:
                                  1. Nobility
                                    1. High Nobility
                                      1. Low Nobility
                                      2. Clergy
                                        1. High Clergy
                                          1. Low Clergy
                                          2. Commoners
                                            1. Bourgeoisie
                                              1. Peasantry
                                              2. Lack of mobility
                                                1. Privilege
                                                  1. The upper social classes didn't pay taxes
                                                2. Land & The Agrarian Sector
                                                  1. Substinence farming
                                                    1. Basic Tools
                                                      1. Land owned by the noblemen and clergy
                                                        1. Main cultivation: Grains
                                                          1. Bad Harvests
                                                            1. Widespread famine
                                                            2. Lack of Productivity
                                                            3. Artisans & Trade
                                                              1. Guilds controlled production and prices
                                                                1. Domestic System
                                                                  1. Merchant gave tools and materials to peasants
                                                                    1. Peasants made the final products at home
                                                                      1. The merchant sold those goods
                                                                  2. Royal Factories
                                                                    1. Large factories
                                                                      1. Weapons and luxury goods
                                                                      2. Foreign Trade
                                                                        1. Triangular trade
                                                                          1. Africa: Items of little value for slaves
                                                                            1. America: Slaves for Money
                                                                              1. Back to Europe
                                                                          2. Monopolies: The English East India Company
                                                                        2. Forms of Goverment
                                                                          1. Absolutism
                                                                            1. The king had the three powers given to him from god. Kings had powerful armies and controlled trade within a country
                                                                            2. English Parliamentarism
                                                                              1. Ever after the English Civil War, Britain was under the rule of a Parilamentary Monarchy
                                                                              2. Dutch Republic
                                                                            3. Spain
                                                                              1. War of Spanish Succession
                                                                                1. Carlos II dies without children
                                                                                  1. Two candidates
                                                                                    1. Philippe
                                                                                      1. Archduke Charles
                                                                                      2. War
                                                                                        1. Civil War
                                                                                          1. Castille was with Philippe
                                                                                            1. Aragón was with Charles
                                                                                            2. International conflict
                                                                                              1. Philippe wins and becomes Felipe V
                                                                                                1. Felipe V Centralized Administration
                                                                                                  1. Created a new figure: the Secretary of State
                                                                                                    1. Recovered Naples and Sicily
                                                                                              2. Enlightened Despotism
                                                                                                1. Carlos III
                                                                                                  1. Tried to modernise Spanish Clothing
                                                                                                    1. Esquilache Riots
                                                                                                    2. Appointed the Ministers
                                                                                                      1. Aranda
                                                                                                        1. Floridablanca
                                                                                                          1. Campomanes
                                                                                                            1. Who tried to reform
                                                                                                              1. The Church
                                                                                                                1. Jesuits expelled from Spain
                                                                                                                  1. Powers on the Inquisition reduced
                                                                                                                  2. Economic Developement
                                                                                                                    1. Spanish ports allowed to have free trade with America
                                                                                                                      1. New land was farmed
                                                                                                                        1. Royal Factories were created
                                                                                                                        2. Education
                                                                                                                          1. Built new schools
                                                                                                                            1. Renewed Curricula
                                                                                                                        3. Recovered Menorca
                                                                                                                        4. Carlos IV
                                                                                                                          1. Worried about a possible "Spanish Revolution"
                                                                                                                            1. Previous ministers were replaced by Manuel Godoy
                                                                                                                              1. Stopped most reforms
                                                                                                                                1. Joined other countries against France
                                                                                                                                  1. In 1795, signed a peace treaty with France
                                                                                                                                    1. The next year France and Spain signed a military alliance
                                                                                                                                      1. War with Britain
                                                                                                                                        1. 1805: Spanish Navy destroyed
                                                                                                                                          1. 1808: Carlos IV abdicated.
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