Burns

Description

year 1 Anatomy Mind Map on Burns, created by ahmed king on 18/11/2016.
ahmed king
Mind Map by ahmed king, updated more than 1 year ago
ahmed king
Created by ahmed king over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Burns
  1. types
    1. Heat burns
      1. Cold temperature burns
        1. Electrical burns
          1. Chemical burns
            1. Radiation burns
              1. Friction burns
              2. skin
                1. epidermis
                  1. stratum corneum
                    1. sratum granulosum
                      1. stratum spinosm
                        1. stratum basale
                          1. stratum lucedium
                          2. dermis
                            1. Appendages
                              1. Sebaceous glands (sebum)
                                1. Empty into hair follicle
                                  1. Directly into skin surface
                                  2. Sweat glands
                                    1. eccrine
                                      1. apocrine
                                      2. Hair and hair follicles
                                        1. arrector pili
                                    2. hypodermis
                                      1. adipose tissue
                                    3. treatment
                                      1. onitment
                                        1. topical therapy
                                          1. providing occlusion, hydration, and lubrication.
                                          2. Cooling
                                            1. Pain management
                                              1. Dressings
                                              2. Classification
                                                1. First-degree
                                                  1. affect only the epidermis
                                                  2. second degree
                                                    1. epidermis and part of the dermis
                                                    2. third degree
                                                      1. epidermis and dermis and may go into the subcutaneous tissue
                                                      2. Fourth degree
                                                        1. damage the underlying bones, muscles, and tendons
                                                      3. antibiotics
                                                        1. Mechanism & types
                                                          1. Mycolic acid synthesis inhibitors
                                                            1. folic acid synthesis inhibitors
                                                              1. cell wall synthesis inhibitors
                                                                1. Penicillin
                                                                  1. Types
                                                                    1. Penicillins
                                                                      1. gram-positiveorganisms
                                                                        1. gram-negative cocci
                                                                          1. andnon-β-lactamaseproducinganaerobes
                                                                            1. Susceptible to hydrolysis by β-lactamases
                                                                            2. Antistaphylococcal Penicillins
                                                                              1. Resistant to staphylococcal β-lactamases
                                                                                1. staphylococci
                                                                                  1. streptococci
                                                                                  2. Extended-SpectrumPenicillins
                                                                                    1. gram-negativeorganisms
                                                                                      1. Susceptible to hydrolysis by β-lactamases
                                                                                    2. Mechanism
                                                                                      1. bind covalently to PBP and inhibit the transpeptidation process leading to cell death
                                                                                      2. Pharmacokinetics
                                                                                        1. Stable for years in dry form but loses activity rapidly (24 hrs at 20°C) in solution form.
                                                                                          1. Elimination
                                                                                            1. renal excretion
                                                                                              1. active tubular secretion
                                                                                            2. Absorption
                                                                                              1. Impaired by food
                                                                                                1. Most tissue concentrations are equivalent to those in serum
                                                                                          2. inhibition of protein synthesis
                                                                                            1. RNA synthesis inhibitors
                                                                                              1. DNA synthesis inhibitors
                                                                                            2. Burn center
                                                                                              1. Al Wakra Hospital
                                                                                              2. Microbiology lab
                                                                                                1. testing, culturing, and research
                                                                                                  1. study micro-organisms
                                                                                                2. cell death
                                                                                                  1. necrosis
                                                                                                    1. Pathologic death of one or more cells, or of a portion of tissue or organ, resulting from irreversible damage
                                                                                                    2. apoptosis
                                                                                                      1. programmable cell death
                                                                                                    3. inflamation
                                                                                                      1. cardinal signs
                                                                                                        1. Pain
                                                                                                          1. Redness
                                                                                                            1. Immobility
                                                                                                              1. Swelling
                                                                                                                1. Heat
                                                                                                                2. steps
                                                                                                                  1. recognizing os the forien bodies by host cells and molecules
                                                                                                                    1. recruitment of the Leukocytes and plasma proteins
                                                                                                                      1. leukocytes and proteins are activated to eliminate the offending substance
                                                                                                                        1. damaged tissue is repaired
                                                                                                                      2. infection
                                                                                                                        1. Lymph Nodes
                                                                                                                          1. Functions
                                                                                                                            1. Removal of foreign materials such as bacteria and tumor cells from the lymphatic stream
                                                                                                                              1. Production of lymphocytes that function in the specific immune response
                                                                                                                              2. Lymphadenitis
                                                                                                                                1. enlarged by swelling (inflammation), often in response to bacteria, viruses, or fungi
                                                                                                                                  1. Treatment
                                                                                                                                    1. Antibiotics to treat bacterial infections
                                                                                                                                      1. Analgesics (painkillers) to control pain
                                                                                                                                        1. Anti-inflammatory medicines to reduce inflammation
                                                                                                                                    2. Immunity
                                                                                                                                      1. Innate
                                                                                                                                        1. protects the body from any pathogens.
                                                                                                                                        2. Adaptive
                                                                                                                                          1. acts against specific foreign substances.
                                                                                                                                      2. healing
                                                                                                                                        1. phases
                                                                                                                                          1. Inflammatory
                                                                                                                                            1. Hemostasis
                                                                                                                                              1. 1-Vasoconstriction 2-Platelet plug formation 3-Coagulation
                                                                                                                                            2. Proliferative
                                                                                                                                              1. Epithelization
                                                                                                                                                1. basal cell proliferation and epithelial migration occurring in the fibrin bridgework inside a clot.
                                                                                                                                                2. Fibroplasia
                                                                                                                                                  1. fibroblast proliferation, accumulation of ground substance, and collagen production
                                                                                                                                                  2. Angiogenesis
                                                                                                                                                    1. formation of new blood vessels
                                                                                                                                                  3. Maturational
                                                                                                                                                    1. collagen cross-linking, collagen remodeling, wound contraction and repigmentation
                                                                                                                                                  4. Classification of Wounds Closure
                                                                                                                                                    1. Primary Intention
                                                                                                                                                      1. All Layers are closed
                                                                                                                                                      2. Secondary Intention
                                                                                                                                                        1. Deep layers are closed but superficial layers are left to heal from the inside out
                                                                                                                                                        2. Tertiary Intention
                                                                                                                                                          1. delayed primary closure
                                                                                                                                                        3. Risk factors for non healing
                                                                                                                                                          1. Aging
                                                                                                                                                            1. Infection
                                                                                                                                                              1. Diabetes
                                                                                                                                                                1. Nutritional status
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Smoking
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