745869
Description
Mind Map by jess.odonnell0206, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jess.odonnell0206
about 10 years ago
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BEHAVIOURISM
(Skinner)
- Argues that children
acquire language by
imitating the speech of
others
- When a child produces a
word successfully they receive
a reward and are encouraged
- Getting something you asked for
- Parental Approval
- Parental attention
- Getting something you asked for
- When a child gets a word wrong
they are discourages which
motivates them to avoid errors
- Not getting what you want
- Parental criticism or failure to understand
- Not getting what you want
- If something has a pleasant
consequence it is likely that
we will do it again
- If something has a negative
consequence we are unlikley to
do it again
- Punishment
- Punishment is defined as the
opposite of reinforcement as it is
designed to weaken or eliminate a
response rather than increase it
- Punishment can work by applying a
negative simulus eg. sitting a child on
the naughty step or it could be taking
away a positive stimulus eg. taking
away pocket money
- Punishment is defined as the
opposite of reinforcement as it is
designed to weaken or eliminate a
response rather than increase it
- Skinner's research and child language
- A behaviourist approach assumes
that children's minds are a blank slate
when they are born
- Children imitate their
caregivers
- If they get it right, they are
rewarded: through praise, or
positive reaction, or by being
understood
- If they get it wrong, they are
punished: by being
corrected, or by not being
understood
- A behaviourist approach assumes
that children's minds are a blank slate
when they are born
- ARGUMENTS FOR SKINNER
- Children develop regional
accents so they can imitate
the sounds around them
- Children copy words that their parents say
although it is unclear whether they
understand the meanings of these words
- Children develop regional
accents so they can imitate
the sounds around them
- ARGUMENTS AGAINST SKINNER
- All children go through the same developmental
stages regardless of the amount of parental
reinforcement they recieve
- Children CANNOT acquire
grammar by imitation
- Children are often
impervious to correction
- Children can produce original words and sentences
that they haven't heard from adults
- Children may copy words but they work
out meanings and meaning relationships
for themselves
- Parents rarely punish (in a way) a
child's linguistic errors. Children who
are frequently corrected acquire
language much slower
- All children go through the same developmental
stages regardless of the amount of parental
reinforcement they recieve
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