TREATMENTS: ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

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Mind Map on TREATMENTS: ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS, created by phoeb_x on 04/19/2014.
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Mind Map by phoeb_x, updated more than 1 year ago
phoeb_x
Created by phoeb_x almost 11 years ago
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  1. CONVENTIONAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS
    1. also called neuroleptic drugs because they often cause unwanted side effects of physical movements
      1. muscle tremors are a side effect similar to those found in Parkinsons- these can be reduced if the person is also prescribed anti-parkinsonian drugs at the same time
      2. Clorpromazine reduces the frequency ans strength of hallucinations and other symptoms and acts by blocking the receptors for dopamine that are located in the synapses of the neuron. This reduces levels of dopamine.
        1. the drug must be taken regularly and all the time or the hallucinations, delusions and thought disturbances return, often with great severity
          1. the drug must be taken even if none of the positive symptoms are being experiences at the time
          2. Long term hospitalisation for people with schizophrenia was reduced when Chlorpromazine was introduced in the 1950s
          3. Cole et al found that after 6 weeks of treatment with antipsychotic drugs, people with schizophrenia showed significant improvement compared to those given a placebo
            1. SIDE EFFECTS:
              1. Muscle tremors
                1. Shuffling feet when walking
                  1. Moving slowly and rigid facial expressions
                    1. Tardive dyskinesia
                      1. Restlessness and limb discomfort accompanied by bizarre face and tongue movements
                    2. ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS
                      1. reduces positive and negative symptoms
                        1. Most effective ones used are Risperidone and Clozapine
                          1. Their action is different to conventional drugs; they work less to reduce levels of dopamine but do change the levels of serotionin
                            1. Clozapine is effective with schizophrenics who have not responded to conventional antipsychotic drugs
                              1. side effects are: nausea, weight gain, irregular heartbeat and excessive salivation- a few patients also develop a life threatening disorder in which the level of white blood cells dramatically drop
                              2. TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS
                                1. both types of drugs have undesirable, bizarre and significant side effects
                                  1. The drugs make a dramatic difference to the lives of sufferers and families
                                    1. 25% of sufferers do not respond to the conventional antipsychotic drugs. However, these people do respond to the atypical ones
                                      1. If either type of drug is not taken, the positive symptoms return quickly, requiring urgent hospitalisation as a consequence
                                        1. both drugs reduce + symptoms, atypical reduces - as well
                                          1. Reducing - symptoms help even more with everyday living
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