The physical factors that may affect
organisms include:
Temperature
Amount of light
Availability
of water
Availability
of nutrients
Availability of oxygen and
carbon dioxide
For example, a plant needs light for
photosynthesis so the plant will be
found in a place with plenty of light
available rather than dark places
Ecosystems
An environment is all the
conditions that surround a
living organism
A Habitat is the place
where an organism lives
A population is all the members
of a single species that live in a
habitat
A community is all the
populations of different
organisms that live in a habitat
An ecosystem is a
community and the
habitat in which it lives
Collecting
Quantitative Data
If you wanted to calculate the
population of an organism in
its habitat it would be
laborious if not impossible to
count every single organism
Instead the population could
be sampled with a transect or
a quadrat
A transect is a line across a habitat or
part of a habitat formed by a piece of
string or rope; the number if each
species can be observed and
recorded at regular intervals along
the transect
A quadrat is usually a square
made of wire, possibly with
smaller areas within the quadrat
The organisms underneath,
generally plants, can be
identified and counted
The quadrat should be
placed randomly so that
a representative sample
is taken
The validity and
reproducibilty of the
results increases as the
results from more
quadrats are analysed