8389036
Description
Mind Map by Lily O'Brien, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lily O'Brien
over 9 years ago
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B3 - Controlling blood glucose
- Insulin and glucagon control blood glucose levels
- Eating foods containing carbohydrates
puts glucose into the blood from the gut.
The normal metabolism of cells removes
glucose from the blood but vigorous
exercise removes much more glucose from
the blood.
- Levels of glucose in
the blood must be
kept steady. Changes
in blood glucose are
monitored and
controlled by the
pancreas, using the
hormones insulin
and glucagon.
- Levels of glucose in
the blood must be
kept steady. Changes
in blood glucose are
monitored and
controlled by the
pancreas, using the
hormones insulin
and glucagon.
- Eating foods containing carbohydrates
puts glucose into the blood from the gut.
The normal metabolism of cells removes
glucose from the blood but vigorous
exercise removes much more glucose from
the blood.
- Blood glucose level TOO HIGH - INSULIN is added
- Blood glucose level TOO LOW - GLUCAGON is added
- Type 1 diabetes - caused by a lack of insulin
- Condition where the pancreas produces little
or no insulin. The person's blood glucose can
rise to a level that can kill them.
- Controlled by: Limiting intake of foods
rich in simple carbohydrates(sugar),
regular exercise, insulin therapy
(injecting insulin into the blood. Makes
sure glucose is removed from the
blood quickly once food has been
digested. Effective)
- The amount of insulin needed to be injected depends on
person's diet and how active they are. Insulin used to be
extracted from the pancreases of pigs/cows but human
insulin is now made by genetic engineering. It does not
cause adverse reactions in patients like animal insulin did.
- It helps to control a person's blood glucose
level but cannot be controlled as accurately as
having a normal working pancreas - may still
be long term health problems. Diabetics can
have a pancreas transplant. This means they
won't have to inject themselves with insulin.
However your body can reject the tissue. If this
happens, you have to take costly
immunosuppressive drugs, which can often
have serious side effects
- It helps to control a person's blood glucose
level but cannot be controlled as accurately as
having a normal working pancreas - may still
be long term health problems. Diabetics can
have a pancreas transplant. This means they
won't have to inject themselves with insulin.
However your body can reject the tissue. If this
happens, you have to take costly
immunosuppressive drugs, which can often
have serious side effects
- The amount of insulin needed to be injected depends on
person's diet and how active they are. Insulin used to be
extracted from the pancreases of pigs/cows but human
insulin is now made by genetic engineering. It does not
cause adverse reactions in patients like animal insulin did.
- Controlled by: Limiting intake of foods
rich in simple carbohydrates(sugar),
regular exercise, insulin therapy
(injecting insulin into the blood. Makes
sure glucose is removed from the
blood quickly once food has been
digested. Effective)
- Condition where the pancreas produces little
or no insulin. The person's blood glucose can
rise to a level that can kill them.
- Modern research into artificial pancreases and stem
cell research may mean the elimination of organ
rejection, but there's a way to go yet.
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