GOING GLOBAL: On The Move

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alevel Geography (Unit 1) Mind Map on GOING GLOBAL: On The Move, created by beccagiacopazzi on 05/07/2014.
beccagiacopazzi
Mind Map by beccagiacopazzi, updated more than 1 year ago
beccagiacopazzi
Created by beccagiacopazzi almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary

GOING GLOBAL: On The Move
  1. Post-colonial immigration:
    1. In the 1950-60's governments encouraged short term immigration to relieve labour shortages in their economies
      1. The main migrants were from Sub-Saharan Africa, N.Africa, the Caribbean and S.Asia
        1. Common features of immigrants: employed in low skilled work e.g. textiles, sent home remittances to family, returned home when made a sufficient amount of money
        2. Immigration flows after 1970:
          1. Main features of immigration into Europe: coming from less developed regions in Asia & Africa, increase in number of migrants, immigration for social & economic reasons e.g. families settle permanently, asylum seekers fleeing wars & persecution e.g. Iraq
          2. Consequences of migration:
            1. Benefits for the host country: fill skill gaps & shortages, reduce wage inflation, economic growth as migrants are consumers, pay taxes, can open new markets e.g. ethnic foods
              1. Costs for the host country: reduce wages for domestic workers, low skilled migrants may need training, pressure/ demand on education, health & housing so may raise prices
                1. Benefits for the source country: migrants send home remittances (can be up to 10% of GDP), returning migrants may have new skills to use in home country, less pressure of land & resources, reduce unemployment
                  1. Costs for the source country: slow economic growth, if young people leave the aged dependants rise, innovation may slow & dependency on remittances rise
                    1. Social consequences:
                      1. Leads to segregation & a cultural gap, many ethnic groups cluster together to form urban enclaves or ghettos with minimal contact to the host country
                      2. Environmental consequences:
                        1. Becomes overcrowded so population growth may reach sustainable limits, pressure on green belt for housing space - loss of countryside
                        2. Political consequences:
                          1. Politicians have responded to an unease about immigration, e.g. in France they have put a ban on girls & women wearing Hijabs in school & uni's & the niqab & burqa in public
                        3. Managing migration: limit illegal migration, meet international obligations in accepting asylum seekers, integrate immigrants into host society, match immigration to the needs of the economy & minimise emigration of key workers to prevent brain drain
                          1. UK immigration policy:
                            1. Accepting only genuine asylum seekers, accept the more skilled/ educated people for economy growth potential, allow worker registration schemes (WRS) so migrants from E.Europe can fill low-skilled, low-wage jobs & employment gap, permanent residence is granted after passing a 'Life in the UK' test
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