Key Topic 3 - Potsdam, the Soviet Zone, Consolidation of Communism and the Division of Germany

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Mind Map on Key Topic 3 - Potsdam, the Soviet Zone, Consolidation of Communism and the Division of Germany, created by Sophia Papalouis on 05/11/2014.
Sophia Papalouis
Mind Map by Sophia Papalouis, updated more than 1 year ago
Sophia Papalouis
Created by Sophia Papalouis almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Key Topic 3 - Potsdam, the Soviet Zone, Consolidation of Communism and the Division of Germany
  1. The Potsdam Conference
    1. The allies agreed to divide Germany into 4 zones at Yalta in February 1945. HOWEVER, there were disagreements between Russia and the other allies regarding boundaries and reparations. This led to the formation of a divided Germany in the long term
      1. WHAT WAS AGREED?
        1. 1. Germany was to be put under joint Allied control and was to be divided into 4 zones of occupation, the same went for Berlin 2. Germany was to be demilitarised, de-Nazified and democratised 3. Local government elections were to be held, so that Germany could 'rebuild its life on a democratic and peaceful basis' 4. Poland was given much of former German land 5. Economy - run as one unit, and each force was to take reparations from their zone 6. As the soviets had fewer resources, they were allowed an additional 25% of reparations from the British and American zones
      2. The Soviet Zone
        1. Demilitarisation - German military forces - disbanded after surrender in May 1945. No German government - no independent German military - remained until 1955
          1. De-Nazification - Nazi party banned. Criminals tried at Nuremburg. Soviet zone imprisoned large numbers of former Nazis. Later 'nominal' Nazis converted to communism - returned to political life. The soviets argued that Nazism resulted from capitalism and therefore, it should be destroyed: 1) large landed estates were to be confiscated and redistributed among labourers 2) Former Nazis' property taken away; some kept by state 3) some equipment dismantled taken back to Russia as reparations 4) Some equipment dismantled - taken back to Russia as reparations
            1. Democratisation - German Communists, led by Ulbricht, arrived in Berlin at the end April 1945. Planned to gain control in Berlin, but gave the appearance of democracy. ALL PARTIES were brought together in an anti-fascist bloc (or National Front) against Nazism in July 1945.
              1. The KPD was established, shortly followed by the SPD. These merged in 1946 to form the Socialist Unity Party (SED). The SPD didn't trust the Communists but they agreed in an attempt to influence policy.
                1. Liberal parties also merged to form the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD)... The Catholic Centre Party and the Protestant parties formed the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). AT FIRST, IT APPEARED THAT THE COMMUNISTS WERE TAKING A DEMOCRATIC APPROACH.
                2. The Consolidation of Communism - SED was the leading communist party in the East and was led by Ulbricht. Property of Nazis and war criminals - confiscated
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