8739393
Description
Mind Map by Florence Papworth, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Florence Papworth
about 9 years ago
|
|
Cellular respiration 3
- Learning objectives
- overview of oxidation of glucose by
glycolysis to produce pyruvate
- control of glycolysis to meet the energy
demands of the cell
- the role of creatine phosphate in short term
energy generation
- fate of pyruvate in aerobic and anaerobic
conditions - generation of acetyl-coA and
lactate
- control of pyruvate dehydrogenase
and its importance
- overview of oxidation of glucose by
glycolysis to produce pyruvate
- Position emission tomography (PET)
- animals injected with radioactive glucose, undergo PET scans to
determine sites of active glucose metabolism
- help diagnose cancer e.g. of lymph
nodes - non-hodgkin lymphona
- help diagnose cancer e.g. of lymph
nodes - non-hodgkin lymphona
- Bright areas =accumulation of glucose
- animals injected with radioactive glucose, undergo PET scans to
determine sites of active glucose metabolism
- Muscle types
- Two types of skeletal muscle fibre:
- Red, slow-twitch
- Type 1 fibres - OXIDATIVE, less mitochondria
- Type 1 fibres - OXIDATIVE, less mitochondria
- White, fast-twitch
- Type 2 fibres - GLYCOLYTIC, more mitochondria
Annotations:
- glycolysis - least effective but fastes way of producing ATP (energy)
- Type 2 fibres - GLYCOLYTIC, more mitochondria
- Red, slow-twitch
- creatine phosphate is short teerm
energy store in ALL muscle
- CP + ADP --> creatine + ATP
Annotations:
- reversible
- CP + ADP --> creatine + ATP
- Two types of skeletal muscle fibre:
- Fuel use during exercise
- ATP and creatine phosphate used in first second of
exercise and drop off due to acidification
- Anaerobic and aerobic respiration increase and
produce energy after a few minutes of exercise when
ATP and CP drop off
- ATP and creatine phosphate used in first second of
exercise and drop off due to acidification
- The fate of pyruvate under aerobic
conditions
- In the presence of O2, pyruvate is oxidised to
acetyl-coA in MITOCHONDRIA
- OXIDATIVE DECARBOXYLATION
- using PYRUVATE DH
- OXIDATIVE DECARBOXYLATION
- link reaction: pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ --> acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ + CO2
- PDH= mitochondrial enzyme, activity is
tightly regulated
- In the presence of O2, pyruvate is oxidised to
acetyl-coA in MITOCHONDRIA
- Coenzyme A
- coA important factor as acts as
'carrier' of other carbon groups
- metabolic reactions utilise a number of
CoA intermediates
- acetyl-CoA
- production occurs in the
MITOCHONDRIA
- USED:
- Oxidation in TCA cycle
- Ketone body synthesis
- Steroid synthesis
- Fat synthesis
- Oxidation in TCA cycle
- MADE BY:
- Protein oxidation
- Carbohydrate oxidation
- Fat oxidation
- Alcohol oxidation
- Protein oxidation
- production occurs in the
MITOCHONDRIA
- propionyl-CoA
- malonyl-CoA
- succinyl-CoA
- Acyl-CoA
- acetyl-CoA
- coA important factor as acts as
'carrier' of other carbon groups
- PDH enzyme
complex
- multi-subunit protein consisting of multiple
copies of three enzymes, E1,E2,E3
- activity of complex requires number of coenzymes such as: thiamine pyrophosphate, FAD, NAD+
coenzyme A, lipoic acid
- Subject to control by allosteric factors and phosphorlylation -E1
- Allows carbons from glucose to enter the citric acid cycle
- multi-subunit protein consisting of multiple
copies of three enzymes, E1,E2,E3
- Regulation of PDH
- PDH catalyses entry of pyruvate into citric acid
cycle, is tightly regulated by alllosteric effectors and
by phosphorylation
- Pyruvate products catalysed by PDH activate PDH kinase which leads
to inactive PDH
- PDH phosphatase activated by insulin as well as Ca2+
- PDH catalyses entry of pyruvate into citric acid
cycle, is tightly regulated by alllosteric effectors and
by phosphorylation
Media attachments
Want to create your own Mind Maps for free with GoConqr? Learn more.