Most contemporary sources
are written by monks who were
critical of John as he defied the
Pope and plundered the church
during interdict
It was because John was so
actively involved in government
that he annoyed his nobels
The developments in the Exchequer and
the Chancery are worthy enough to be
compared to Henry II's judicial reforms
Early writings, such
as royal records
showed John was
interested in the
machinery of royal
government
Arguably, John was a diligent and able king
The barons had narrow
and selfish grounds for
their resistance to John
Baronial rebellion = a
rebellion die to the
resentment of the
efficacy of John's rule
Face appalling
difficult
circumstances
and bad luck
Loss of Normandy perhaps
due to finance? Difficult for him
to find money and Philip's
booming revenues enabled him
to raise strong armies
Magna Carta was not due
solely to John's actions
Records show John managed to
increase the revenue of his Kingdom
higher than that of Henry or Richard
Many perceive the submission to Rome
humiliating, but instead shows his
political astuteness as to how best to
please the Pope
Sacrificed his own
position in the feudal
hierarchy to appease
such a figure
Chroniclers, such as Roger Wendover, are
unreliably and exaggerated, sometimes not even
written at the time of John's reign. This stories
portraying John as a ruthless, violent king
should be treated with caution
However, how
did such
rumours arise
and why could
they stand
without
contradiction?