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Major Approaches in Psychology

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I-level Psychology Mind Map on Major Approaches in Psychology, created by Reuben Caruana on 05/23/2014.
Reuben Caruana
Mind Map by Reuben Caruana, updated more than 1 year ago
Reuben Caruana
Created by Reuben Caruana over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Major Approaches in Psychology
  1. Biological Approach
    1. Heredity (inborn characteristics)
      1. The Nervous System (NS)
        1. Central Nervous System (CNS)
          1. Brain
            1. Forebrain
              1. Telencephalon
                1. Cerebral Cortex
                  1. Frontal Lobe
                    1. Reasoning and abstract thinking
                    2. Parietal Lobe
                      1. sensation in skin and muscles
                      2. Occipital Lobe
                        1. Visual
                        2. Temporal Lobe
                          1. Auditory
                        3. Basal Ganglia
                          1. Hippocampus
                            1. Amygdala
                            2. Diancephalon
                              1. Thalamus
                                1. Hypothalamus
                              2. Midbrain
                                1. Mesencephalon
                                  1. Tectum
                                    1. Cerebellum
                                  2. Hindbrain
                                    1. Myelencephalon
                                      1. Medulla
                                      2. Metencephalon
                                        1. Pons
                                          1. Cerebellum
                                        2. Hemispherical Specialisation
                                          1. Left Hemisphere
                                            1. Right Hand Control
                                              1. Writing
                                                1. Language
                                                  1. Scientific Skills
                                                    1. Mathematics
                                                      1. Lists
                                                        1. Logic
                                                          1. Linear Thinking Mode
                                                          2. Right Hemisphere
                                                            1. Left Hand Control
                                                              1. Emotional Expression
                                                                1. Spatial Awareness
                                                                  1. Music
                                                                    1. Holistic Thinking Mode
                                                                      1. Gestalt (Whole Picture)
                                                                        1. Dimension
                                                                          1. Creativity
                                                                            1. Imagination
                                                                          2. Brian Organisation
                                                                            1. Interconnected
                                                                              1. Hierarchical
                                                                                1. Functional differentiation
                                                                                2. Ways of Studying the Brain
                                                                                  1. Event-related potentials (ERP)
                                                                                    1. Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
                                                                                      1. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI and fMRI)
                                                                                    2. Spinal Cord
                                                                                    3. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
                                                                                      1. Automatic NS
                                                                                        1. Sympathetic NS
                                                                                          1. Parasympathetic NS
                                                                                          2. Somatic NS
                                                                                      2. Behaviourist Approach
                                                                                        1. Classical Conditioning (Ivan Pavlov)
                                                                                          1. Unconditioned Stimulus (Food)
                                                                                            1. Unconditioned Response (Salivate)
                                                                                              1. Conditioned Response (Salivate)
                                                                                            2. Neutral Stimulus (bell)
                                                                                              1. Conditioned Stimulus (bell)
                                                                                              2. Little Albert Experiment (Watson & Rayner)
                                                                                                1. Extinction
                                                                                                  1. Stimulus Generalisation
                                                                                                    1. Discrimiantion
                                                                                                    2. Phobias
                                                                                                    3. Operant (Instrumental) Conditioning (B.F.Skinner)
                                                                                                      1. Reinforcement
                                                                                                        1. Skinner Box
                                                                                                          1. Types of Reinforcement
                                                                                                            1. Primary Reinforcement
                                                                                                              1. Secondary Reinforcement
                                                                                                              2. Reinforcement Schedules
                                                                                                                1. Fixed-ratio schedule
                                                                                                                  1. Fixed-interval schedule
                                                                                                                    1. Variable-ratio schedule
                                                                                                                      1. Variable-interval schedule
                                                                                                                    2. Ways of Learning
                                                                                                                      1. Positive & Negative Reinforcement
                                                                                                                        1. Shaping
                                                                                                                          1. Immediate reinforcement
                                                                                                                            1. Superstitious behaviour
                                                                                                                            2. Latent Learning
                                                                                                                              1. Observational learning (not operant conditioning)
                                                                                                                            3. Behaviour Therapy
                                                                                                                              1. Token Economy
                                                                                                                                1. Aversion Therapy
                                                                                                                                  1. Programmed Learinig
                                                                                                                                2. Social Approach
                                                                                                                                  1. Attachment Theory
                                                                                                                                    1. Psychoanalytic Approch
                                                                                                                                      1. Psychosexual Development (5 stages)
                                                                                                                                      2. Harlow's Monkey Study
                                                                                                                                        1. Secure and Insecure Attachment
                                                                                                                                          1. Ainsworth and bell
                                                                                                                                            1. Strange Situation
                                                                                                                                              1. Securely Attached
                                                                                                                                                1. Insecurely Attached
                                                                                                                                                  1. resistant/ambivalent
                                                                                                                                                    1. detached/avoidant
                                                                                                                                                      1. disorganised/disoriented
                                                                                                                                                    2. Caregiver (sensitivity) hypoyesis
                                                                                                                                                2. Pro-Social Behaviour
                                                                                                                                                  1. Social Influence
                                                                                                                                                  2. Cognitive Approach
                                                                                                                                                    1. Memory
                                                                                                                                                      1. Long term memory
                                                                                                                                                        1. Short term memory (working memory)
                                                                                                                                                          1. visual
                                                                                                                                                            1. auditory
                                                                                                                                                          2. Perception
                                                                                                                                                          3. Personality Theories
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