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Mind Map by Molly Hope, updated more than 1 year ago
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AS Sociology - Families and
Households functionalist perspective.
- A brief
overview of
functionalists.
- They believe society is
based on consensus.
- It is harmonious, it meets the
needs of society and the
individual.
- It is harmonious, it meets the
needs of society and the
individual.
- They believe in the organic analogy ->
- They believe society is
structural, it has clear
fixed structures.
- They take a macro approach.
- Key theorists
- Parsons
- Durkheim
- Durkheim
- Parsons
- They believe society is
based on consensus.
- Childhood
- They believe that
there has been a
march of
progress.
- Childhood is a golden
age. - Pilcher (1995)
- Happiness and
innocence.
- Clear and
distinct
life stage.
- It is separate from
the adult world.
- Happiness and
innocence.
- Children are
protected from
adulthood.
- Therefore they
are better
socilalised.
- And then they
become better
adapted adults.
- And then they
become better
adapted adults.
- Therefore they
are better
socilalised.
- They believe that
there has been a
march of
progress.
- Family diversity
- Parsons sees the nuclear
family provides the best
'functional fit' in society.
- The roles within the
division of labour
are:
- Expressive - The wife
takes care of
domesticity, emotions
and raises the children.
- Instrumental - The husband is the
breadwinner and provides economical
capital and provides for the family
- These two roles allow the
family to perform two
essential functions:
- The primary
socialisation of
children.
- Stabilisation of adult personalities.
- The primary
socialisation of
children.
- Expressive - The wife
takes care of
domesticity, emotions
and raises the children.
- Other family types are
considered dysfunctional.
- The roles within the
division of labour
are:
- Parsons sees the nuclear
family provides the best
'functional fit' in society.
- Changing family
patterns
- They like marriage
as it creates a
'functional fit'.
- They are 'On the fence' about
divorce, it's not a threat as
remarriage shows committed
to the idea of marriage.
- Other family types are dysfunctional.
- They like marriage
as it creates a
'functional fit'.
- Social policy
- The state acts on behalf of its
member's best interests.
- Fletcher (1966) argues the introduction of
health, education and housing policies since
the industrial revolution has led to the
development of the welfare state that
supports families.
- For example, the NHS.
- For example, the NHS.
- Fletcher (1966) argues the introduction of
health, education and housing policies since
the industrial revolution has led to the
development of the welfare state that
supports families.
- The state acts on behalf of its
member's best interests.
- Couples
- Parsons clear division of
labour roles:
- Instrumental
- Expressive
- Believes there are biological
differences between sexes.
- Women being more 'naturally'
suited to the nurturing role
- Men being more suited to the
provider role.
- Women being more 'naturally'
suited to the nurturing role
- Instrumental
- Bott (1957) talks about
two types of conjugal
roles within a marriage.
- Segregated conjugal
roles
- Joint conjugal roles
- Young and Willmott found there had
been a march of progress in Bethnal
Green from segregated to joint over 20
years.
- They call a family with joint roles
a symmetrical family.
- This march of
progress is because
of these certain social
changes:
- 1. New
technology
- 2. Geographical
mobility
- 3. Higher
standards
of living
- 4. Changes in
the position in
women
- 4. Changes in
the position in
women
- 3. Higher
standards
of living
- 1. New
technology
- This march of
progress is because
of these certain social
changes:
- They call a family with joint roles
a symmetrical family.
- Segregated conjugal
roles
- Parsons clear division of
labour roles:
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