Human characteristic given to a non-human object. Inanimate objects take on a life.

Comparison of 2 objects where one becomes another – adds further layers of meaning about object being compared.

Composition which ridicules in a scornful & humorous way.

How a composer conveys meaning through textual features.

Short, simple sentences or truncated sentences create tension, haste or urgency; compound or complex sentences are slower, often feature in formal texts.

Of words or syntax (order of words) for emphasis or persuasion.

Message or moral of a story – makes us ponder bigger issues in life.

Present, past, future (events are predicted).

Emotive, forceful, factual, descriptive, blunt, graphic, disturbing, informative etc. E.g. use of forceful verbs ‘insist’ & ‘demand’ can be very persuasive.