Ifeoma Okekearu
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Quiz/Exam for KU SOP Pharmacology III Exam I

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Ifeoma Okekearu
Created by Ifeoma Okekearu over 8 years ago
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Neuro Pharmacology - Seizures & Movement Disorders

Neuro Pharmacology - Seizures & Movement Disorders

Question 1 of 21

1

An abnormal, excessive or synchronous firing of populations of brain neurons. These are transient and often reversible

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 21

1

Seizures are a manifestation of an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory pathways in the brain. Which of the following statements about seizures is incorrect

Select one of the following:

  • Excitation is due to excessive firing of glutamaterigic neurons.

  • Inhibition of GABAergic neurons can be an effect therapy for the treatment of seizures.

  • Defective inhibition of excitatory firing is major cause of seizures

Explanation

Question 3 of 21

1

At what region of the brain does the corticospinal tract decussate?

Select one of the following:

  • Midbrain

  • Medulla

  • Pons

  • Brain Stem

Explanation

Question 4 of 21

1

Na+ Channel Blockers stabilize channel in their closed, resting state making the activity of the drug activity dependent

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 21

1

Select all of the statements that are true regarding anti-epileptic drug Phenytoin.

Select one or more of the following:

  • It is the first line drug for the treatment of partial seizures.

  • Phenytoin is NOT indicated for use in absence seizures.

  • It increases the recovery of voltage-gated Na+ channels from inactivation

  • A potential side effect of phenytoin is hirsutism

Explanation

Question 6 of 21

1

Select the response that is incorrect regarding anti-epileptic drugs

Select one of the following:

  • Carbamazepine is contraindicated in the case of absence seizures

  • Valproic acid is safe effective against most partial and generalized seizures inlcuding absence seizures

  • Because of it's causes an increase in liver enzymes, valproic acid is contraindicated in children < 2 years old.

  • Anti-Epileptics that block Ca2+ (L,N) channels are effective in the treatment of absence seizures

Explanation

Question 7 of 21

1

The first line treatment for infantile spasms is ACTH or prednisone

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 21

1

Which statements below describe the importance of the neurotransmitter dopamine?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Dopamine has a significant role in learning, motor control, goal-directed behavior, and the regulation of hormones.

  • Tyrosine hydroxylase converts Tyrosine to DOPA which is rapidly converted to dopamine by DOPA decarboxylase.

  • Activation of dopamine D1-like receptors inhibits adenylyl cyclase leading to a decrease in the concentration of cAMP

  • Dopamine belongs to the catecholamine family

Explanation

Question 9 of 21

1

D2 receptors play a key role in schizophrenia and extrapyramidal movement

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 21

1

D4 receptors are implicated in addictive behavior.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 21

1

Which of the following statements about dopaminergic pathways are correct?

Select one or more of the following:

  • The mesolimbic pathway is associated with motivational emotional responses

  • The mesocortical ( a part of the basal ganglia motor loop) is associated with coordination of movement

  • The tuberoinfundibulnar pathway regulates the secretion of prolactin by pituitary gland and is involved in maternal behavior

  • The mesolimbic pathway is associated with pleasure, reward, and goal-directed behavior.

Explanation

Question 12 of 21

1

Dopamine receptors adenylyl cyclase leading to a in the concentration of cAMP. Dopamine D1-like receptors adenylyl cyclase leading to an in the concentration of cAMP. receptors are implicated in addiction. receptors play a key role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and extrapyramidal symptoms. receptors are implicated in impulse control and mania.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    D2-like
    cAMP
    D1-like
    D1,D5
    Impulse
    adenylyl cyclase
    dopamine
    inhibit
    decrease
    synthesize
    hydroxylate
    regulation
    D2
    D1
    D6
    D4
    D3
    D5
    inhibitory
    lower
    activated
    increase

Explanation

Question 13 of 21

1

A patient present with an EEG showing a increased activity in a small group of neurons in the left motor cortex. Which of the following statements about the presentation of this seizure is FALSE?

Select one of the following:

  • The patient would have convulsions on the left side of the body

  • The patient will remember the seizure

  • The patient will benefit from glutaminergic potentiators

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 14 of 21

1

An epileptic patient is in your office and loses consciousness for a brief period of time (5-10 seconds). Luckily they were hooked up to an EEG machine which documented the encounter. You see a a distinctive spike-and-wave pattern. Which statement(s) below are true?

Select one of the following:

  • This patient may have symmetrical fluttering of the eye lids during the episode

  • Low Ca2+ current in the thalamus would be discovered upon further study

  • This patient is experiencing an absence seizure

  • This patient very likely was accused of daydreaming as a child.

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 15 of 21

1

The body uses SODIUM channels to overcome the synchronous firing of neurons in GENERALIZED TONIC-CLONIC Seizures.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 21

1

Which statement about infantile spasms is FALSE?

Select one of the following:

  • These can lead to permanent cognitive delay/deficit

  • They present with sudden, repetitive, myoclonic jerks

  • Fragmentary, bilateral attacks

  • Sudden "drop attacks" with some partial seziure activity

Explanation

Question 17 of 21

1

You have a 6 year old currently recurrent periods (5-10 seconds) where they appear to daze off then come back to attention. The EEG monitory shows a distinctive spike-and-wave pattern in all regions of the brain. Which drug would be the most appropriate to treat this child's condition?

Select one of the following:

  • Phenobarbital

  • Valproic Acid

  • Ethosuximide

  • Phenytoin

Explanation

Question 18 of 21

1

Which clinical manifestations of patients suffering from Parkinson's disease is FALSE?

Select one of the following:

  • Micrograhia

  • Tightness/Stiffness of Muscles

  • Tremors that decrease with deliberate movements

  • Decrease muscle tone/strength

Explanation

Question 19 of 21

1

Parkinson's Plus Syndromes

Select one of the following:

  • Present with multiple system atrophy

  • Display with marked orthostatic hypotension

  • Respond very poorly to therapy, thus have a worse prognosis than idiopathic PD

  • Patients typically have an abnormally wide gait

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 20 of 21

1

Which statement about cholinergic drugs is FALSE?

Select one of the following:

  • The highest content of ACh in the brain is located in the striatum

  • ACH release in inhibited by dopamine

  • Cholinergic activity due to lack of dopamine is responsible to bradykinesia.

  • Anticholinergics side effects include dry mouth, blurry vision, constipation

Explanation

Question 21 of 21

1

Ballismus

Select one of the following:

  • Usually occur younger patients

  • Treatment with anti-psychotics is ineffective

  • Movement is typically contralateral

  • Can occur due to lesions of the contralateral subthalamic nucleus

  • None of the above

Explanation

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