Amy Arce
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Biochemistry

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Amy Arce
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Ch 4 DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Ch 4 DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Question 1 of 48

1

What is the correct order of the central dogma of gene expression?

Select one of the following:

  • DNA--> Translation-->RNA--> Transcription-->Protein

  • DNA--> Transcription-->RNA-->Translation-->Protein

  • RNA-->Transcription-->DNA-->Translation-->Protein

  • RNA-->Translation-->DNA-->Transcription-->Protein

Explanation

Question 2 of 48

1

What are components of a nucleotide?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Sugar

  • Nitrogen containing base

  • Phosphate

  • Carbon

Explanation

Question 3 of 48

1

RNA and DNA differ in the sugar component of one of the bases

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 48

1

What contains the sugar ribose?

Select one of the following:

  • RNA

  • DNA

  • mRNA

  • tRNA

Explanation

Question 5 of 48

1

Purines are

Select one of the following:

  • Adenine and Guanine

  • Adenine and Cytosine

  • Guanine and thymine

  • Cytosine and thymine

Explanation

Question 6 of 48

1

Pyrimidines are

Select one of the following:

  • Adenine and guanine

  • Adenine and thymine

  • Cytosine and adenine

  • Cytosine and thymine

Explanation

Question 7 of 48

1

Nucleic acid sequences are written in what direction?

Select one of the following:

  • One end has a phosphoryl group attached to the 3'carbon atom of the sugar and one end has a free hydroxyl attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar

  • One end has a phosphoryl group attached to the 5' carbon atom of the sugar and one end has a free hydroxyl attached to the 3' carbon of the sugar

Explanation

Question 8 of 48

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A base bound to a sugar is called a

Explanation

Question 9 of 48

1

Nucleoside of DNA are

Select one of the following:

  • Deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine, and deoxythymidine

  • Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

  • deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytosine, deoxyuracil

Explanation

Question 10 of 48

1

Deoxythymidine, rarely occurs in RNA, simply called thymidine

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 48

1

Nucleoside of RNA are

Select one of the following:

  • deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine, and deoxythymidine

  • adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, and uridine

  • adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, thymidine

  • deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine, and deoxyuracil

Explanation

Question 12 of 48

1

A nucleotide is a nucleoside with only 1 phosphoryl group attached

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 48

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Nucleotide ( triphosphates, Adenosine, trisugars ) are the building blocks of ( DNA, tRNA, mRNA ) and ( RNA, mRNA, tRNA )

Explanation

Question 14 of 48

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

DNA molecules are very long some consisting of more than nucleotides

Explanation

Question 15 of 48

1

The double helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonds and van der Walls interactions

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 48

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Adenine always forms hydrogen bonds with ( thymine, cytosine ) while guanine forms hydrogen bonds with ( cytosine, thymine )

Explanation

Question 17 of 48

1

The helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between base pairs as well as hydrophobic interactions called

Select one of the following:

  • stacking forces

  • semiconservative replication

  • Van der Walls interactions

Explanation

Question 18 of 48

1

Because of the base pair rules, the sequence of one strand determines the sequence of the partner strand

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 48

1

Because the two daughter helices have one parent strand one newly synthesized strand, the replication process is called

Select one of the following:

  • Stacking forces

  • Semiconservative replication

  • Conservative replication

  • DNA polymerase

Explanation

Question 20 of 48

1

What are the key characteristics of DNA synthesis

Select one or more of the following:

  • Four deoxynucleoside triphosphates and Mg2+ are required

  • A template strand is used to direct RNA synthesis

  • A primer from which the new strand grows must be absent

  • Many DNA polymerases have nuclease activity that allows for the removal of mismatched bases

Explanation

Question 21 of 48

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Some viruses, such as tobacco mosaic virus, have genomes that are replicated by -directed polymerases

Explanation

Question 22 of 48

1

Retroviruses, such as HIV-1, have single-stranded RNA genomes that are converted into DNA double helices by the action of

Select one of the following:

  • Transcriptase

  • Translation

  • Reverse transcriptase

  • Reverse translation

Explanation

Question 23 of 48

1

All cellular RNA is synthesized by RNA polymerases

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 48

1

The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template is called translation, a process catalyzed by RNA polymerase

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 48

1

RNA polymerase has the following requirements

Select one or more of the following:

  • Template

  • The sequence of the newly-synthesized RNA is complementary to the DNA template

  • coding strand

  • Activated precursors in the form of the 4 ribonucleoside

  • Divalent metal ions

  • Base pair

Explanation

Question 26 of 48

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

RNA polymerase initiates and elongates the RNA product, with the chain growing in the to direction

Explanation

Question 27 of 48

1

Several kinds of RNA play a role in gene expression, what are three most abundant classes of RNA

Select one or more of the following:

  • Ribosomal RNA

  • Messenger RNA

  • Transfer RNA

  • Translate RNA

Explanation

Question 28 of 48

1

RNA polymerases take instructions from DNA templates

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 29 of 48

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Transcription begins near the sites and ends at sites

Explanation

Question 30 of 48

1

Promoters are

Select one of the following:

  • Specific DNA sequences that direct RNA polymerase to the proper initiation site

  • Specific RNA sequences that direct DNA polymerase to the proper initiation site

  • Specific DNA sequences that direct RNA polymerase to the proper terminator site

  • Specific RNA sequences that direct DNA polymerase to the proper terminator site

Explanation

Question 31 of 48

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The average of variation in the sequence of a promoter for different genes is called sequence

Explanation

Question 32 of 48

1

The RNA complement of the DNA stop signal forms a hairpin structure, followed by several thymine residues

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 48

1

What is required for transcription termination

Select one of the following:

  • Protein rho

  • Protein thy

  • Protein gly

  • Protein leu

Explanation

Question 34 of 48

1

In eukaryotes,

Select one of the following:

  • The 3' end of mRNA is modified by the attachment of a cap structure while the 5' end acquires a poly(A)tail

  • The 5' end of mRNA is modified by the attachment of a cap structure while the 3' end acquires a poly(A)tail

  • The 5' end of tRNA is modified by the attachment of a cap structure while the 3' end acquires a poly(A)tail

  • The 3' end of tRNA is modified by the attachment of a cap structure while the 5' end acquires a poly(A)tail

Explanation

Question 35 of 48

1

Transfer RNA molecules react with

Select one of the following:

  • specific amino acids in a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

  • one amino acids in a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

  • specific amino acids in a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl-mRNA synthetases

  • Specific amino acids in a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl-rRNA synthetases

Explanation

Question 36 of 48

1

Transfer RNA molecules also contain a template recognition site, called

Select one of the following:

  • the anticodon

  • the codon

  • the initiator

  • the terminator

Explanation

Question 37 of 48

1

Anticodon consist of

Select one or more of the following:

  • 2 bases

  • 3 bases

  • complementary 3 base sequence in the rRNA

  • complementary 3 base sequence in the mRNA

Explanation

Question 38 of 48

1

Protein synthesis is the process of translation

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 39 of 48

1

Characteristics of the genetic code are

Select one or more of the following:

  • three nucleotides, called a codon

  • code is overlapping

  • code is nonoverlapping

  • code has punctuation

  • code has no punctuation

  • Code is read from 5' end of the mRNA to the 3' end

  • code is degenerate in that some amino acids are encoded by more than one codon

Explanation

Question 40 of 48

1

Degeneracy

Select one or more of the following:

  • amino acids encoded by 1 codon

  • amino acids encoded by more than 1 codon

  • minimizes deleterious effects of mutations

  • maximizes deleterious effects of mutations

Explanation

Question 41 of 48

1

Messenger RNA is translated on ribosomes

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 42 of 48

1

The genetic code is nearly universal

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 43 of 48

1

Eukaryotic genes are discontinuous

Select one of the following:

  • with coding regions called exons, interrupted by noncoding regions called introns

  • with noncoding regions called introns, interrupted by coding regions called exons

  • with coding regions called introns, interrupted by noncoding regions called exons

  • with interrupted regions called exons, coding regions called introns

Explanation

Question 44 of 48

1

Many exons encode

Select one of the following:

  • protein domains

  • amino acids

  • rRNA

Explanation

Question 45 of 48

1

Introns almost always begin with GU and end with an AG

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 46 of 48

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The gene for the β- chain of human hemoglobin has exons and introns

Explanation

Question 47 of 48

1

RNA processing generates mature RNA

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 48 of 48

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

( Pre-messeneger, tRNA, mRNA, rRNA ) RNA contains exons and introns

Explanation

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