Human Biology Urinary

__is a by-product of amino acid __.

The principle function of kidneys is to __ the appropriate __-__ balance of the __.

The __apparatus is the sight of __production and w/respond to changes in__pressure.

The afferent arteriole supplies __ to the __.

The efferent arteriole drains the__.

Juxtaglomerular cells are the ring of __ muscle in the __arteriole.Where the Bowman's capsule__.

The __tubule in the nephron is where most __takes place.

The loops of __are descending and__.

The __tubule is shorter the proximal tubule,w/__cells and few__.

__ducts form where many distal tubules come together.__in diameter.Lead to __ducts.

Circulation through the kidneys go through__

This part of circulation is involved in __formation:

Afferent arterioles supply __to __.

Efferent arterioles ext the __ __.

Peritubular__ form a plexus around the __&__ tubules.

Venous__ lead to peritubular__ to __veins__veins__renal veins.

__are considered the smallest__ component capable of producing urine.

Filtration in kidneys is movement of__derived from__thru the __ across__ __.

Filtrates water,small__,__ that can pass through__.

The glomerular filtration rate is(GFR) amount of filtrate produced each__.

Filtration membrane is a __ that prevents blood __ &__ from entering@ Bowman's __

Fenestrated endothelium has a __ __ opening.

Filtration pressure will make__go out to a __space.

Tubular reabsorption occurs as __flows through __ of __ __, loop of__,__tubule & __ducts.

Tubular reabsorption results because of these five things:

__enters glomerular__.

As volume of filtrate__concentration of__ increases.

Walls of __are not very permeable to__:40-60% passively__.

Urate ions, creatine, sulfates, phosphates, nitrates are __that are excreted.

During changes in concentration of solutes of__toxic substances are__

Tubular secretion moves__by products__ and molecules, not normally__.

H+, K+ and __are actively secreted into nephron.

Urine production occurs in the ___, ___, ___, ___

When large volume of water is consumed__excess water w/o losing large amounts of__

When large volume of water consumed response is that__produce __volume of __urine.

When drinking water isn't available__produce small volume of __urine.

When drinking water isn't available__waste & prevents rapid__.

Renin/angiotensin/aldersterone control__volume and__pressure.

__is a hormone secreted from the kidney.

Aldosterone reabsorbs more__

ADH is a hormone secreted from the __gland. (master gland)

__ has influences on water channel(no sodium)

There are 2 hormones that help control__.

ANH stands for __ __ __.

ANH get rid of__ and slows down __reabsorption.

In urine movement parasympathetic stimulation __ frequency

In urine movement sympathetic stimulation __frequency.

Ureters enter__through__.Pressure in bladder compresses__& prevents__.

Ureters bring urine from __ __ to__bladder.

The __bladder is a hollow__container

The __bladder is a hollow__container

The __ is the interior of the urinary bladder

In the male the __ extends from the inferior part of the __bladder through the__

The female__ is __ opens to vestibule anterior to __ opening.

The internal urinary__ in __ keeps semen from entering urinary__during ejaculation.

The external urinary sphincter surrounds__as it extends thru __door, acts as a __.

The urinary system consist of __,__,__ __ and __.

The adrenal glands produce__.

Kidneys __urine.

Ureters__urine.

Urinary bladder__urine.

Urethra passes urine to__.

Functions of the urinary system is to produce __and follow out functions to contribute to__.

The kidneys excrete __wastes.

__is a hormone secreted from the kidney.

The function of __ is to control blood __ in the body.

The__capsule has 2 layers outer__ and __.

The proximal tubule out of Bowman's loop into loop of __

Circulation in the glomerulus consist of __arteriole, __arteriole & __ apparatus.

Both the afferent and efferent arteriole have a layer of__muscle, to control blood__&__.

Vitamin D is the only vitamin made __ __ __

External Anatomy of the Kidneys consist of __ capsule, __ fat, __ fascia and h__.

The renal capsule is fribrous __ tissue surrounding each __

Perirenal fat engulfs __ capsule and acts as __.

Renal fascia is thin layer __ __ tissue. It anchors kidneys & surrounding __ to __ wall.

The hilum is where the renal __ and nerves enter and __vein and __ __ kidneys.

The __ is the outer area w/renal columns extends to the medulla.

The__ is the inner area that __ renal sinus.

__ has minor and major anatomy of the kidneys.

The__ is an enlarged chamber formed my __calyces.

The__exits at the hilum and connects to the __ bladder.

There are millions of __ in the kidneys.

The__ is the functional and __ unit of the kidney.

Kidneys are lie behind__protected by the __ __ and __ __.

Kidneys are __ glands

Urinary system common functions are filtering of __, regulation of__ volume & synthesis of __D.