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120802
Monserrat Volcano
Descrição
Mapa Mental sobre Monserrat Volcano, criado por HannahEmilyT em 03-06-2013.
Mapa Mental por
HannahEmilyT
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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HannahEmilyT
quase 11 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Monserrat Volcano
Background
Soufriere Volcano in Monserrat in the Caribbean Sea
The volcano erupted in early June 1997
There was a large eruption exploding 4-5 m3 of rocks and gas
Death toll reached 19
Cause
Monserrat is above a destructive plate margin
The Atlantic plate is being subducted by the less dense Caribbean plate
Magma rose through cracks under the Soufriere hills causing an underground pool of magma to be formed
The rock above this pool collapsed opening a vent and causing the eruption
Impacts
Primary Impacts
Many areas were covered by rock
Capital city, Plymouth, was buried under 12m of mud and ash
Over 20 villages were destroyed by pyroclastic flows
pyroclastic flows are fast moving clouds of hot gas and ash
Schools, hospitals, the port and airport were all immediately destroyed
19 deaths and 7 injured
Secondary Impacts
Fires destroyed many buildings including government offices, the police HQ and the towns central petrol station
Tourist stayed away from the area after the eruption out of fear, this was bad for the economy as tourism is a large industry
Population decline
8000 people (67%) left after the first eruption in 1995
Volcanic ash released during the eruption has improved the fertility of the soil
Tourism is increasing more recently
People are interested in the volcano
Responses
Primary Responses
People were immediately evacuated from the south to safer Northern areas
Temporary shelters were made
These later became more permanent
Temporary infrastructure was built
e.g. roads and temp. electricity supplies
priorities
Local emergency services provided support units to search for and rescue survivors
The UK provided £17 million of emergency aid
Monserrat is an overseas UK territory
Secondary Responses
A risk map was created
This included exclusion zones for the safety of the locals
Now all of the south is off limits whilst the volcano is still active
The UK has provided £41 million to help develop the North of the island
Monserrat Volcano Observatory has been set up to try to predict future eruptions
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