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2618382
Great Leap Forward
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I'll finish it later
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history
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aqa
china
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TeoTan
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Criado por
Lada Zhdanova
aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
Copiado por
TeoTan
aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
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Great Leap Forward
launched in January 1958
1958-1961
AIMS
POLITICAL
to achieve economic independence and freedom from USSR
to become fully Comminist
overtake Britain and the USA in 15 years
to become "one of the richest, most advanced and powerful countries in the world"
to decentralise political control to local party cadres
those would mobilise workforce
SOCIAL
to group agricultural cooperatives into larger units - communes (about 20 000 people each)
for communes to become military units
every commune member age 15-50 would become a member of a platoon
to abolish the private sphere of peasant life
children would be cared for in kindergardens, meals provided in mess halls
AGRICULTURAL
to produce 430 million tonnes of grain a year.
a surplus can be sold abroad to support industries
to force peasants to follow Mao's eight point agricultural constitution ased on Lysenko methods
to increase production
INDUSTRIAL
to produce 700 million tonnes of steel per year by early 1970s
only 5.35 tonnes per year by 1958
to mobilise labourers to build bridges, canals and dams
more, faster, better, cheaper!
FACTORS that influenced Mao's thinking
ECONOMIC
agricultural production had risen by only 3.6% during the First Five Year Plan
needed more efficient way
mass mobilisation of peasant - the best/cheapest option
peasants - 70% of population
POLITICAL
Mao - undisputed leader of CPC
does what he wants
Consequences of the Hundred Flowers campaign
no intellectuals
party members fear Mao
no one could stand up to him
Feb 1958 - responsibility for economic went to CPC
party cadres replaced experts
INTERNATIONAL
USSR
the launch of soviet Sputnik demonstrated Soviet superiority to Mao
Soviet methods didn't work for China
had to find his own way
Mao wanted independence from USSR
Mao wanted China to become superpower
IDEOLOGICAL
Mao thought economical laws may be ignored by mass mobilisation
believed in power of human will
WHY DID IT FAIL
MAO'S FAULT
the anti-rightist campaign 1957
crucial experts purged
party cadres were afraid of Mao
did not stand up
lied to protect their position
huge demands
break with the USSR
experts withdrawn
loans withdrawn
debt still had to be paid for
in grain
a lot of harvested grain was sent to the USSR
NOT MAO'S FAULT
weather conditions
1959 - floods in the south and drought in the north
peasants could not work that efficiently
peasants were lazy/unwilling to cooperate
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