Emulsifiers help water and oil mix.
The hydrophilic end of each emulsifier molecule bonds to .......
Water molecules
Oil molecules
Ice cream is a food that contains an emulsifier.
What do protein molecules do when they have been cooked?
Shrink
Expand
Change shape
What happens when you cook a Potatoes?
The inside becomes soft and that makes the potatoes fluffy.
The cell walls break down making the starch cells swell up and spread out.
What chemical reaction does baking powder undergo when heated?
Incomplete combustion
Thermal decomposition
What is the word equation for sodium hydrogen carbonate thermal decomposition?
Sodium hydrogencarbonate - sodium carbonate + carbon dioxide + water
Sodium hydrogen carbonate - sodium carbonate + oxygen + water
Baking powder is used in baking cakes, the carbon dioxide produced makes the cakes rise.
Carbon dioxide can be detected using .....
Bromine water
Limewater
Limewater turns cloudy when what is detected.....
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
The word equation for making esters is: Acid + alcohol - ester + water
Identify the properties that perfumes need.
Non toxic
Soluble in water
Easily evaporates
Flavourings
Insoluble in water
Doesn't react with water
Doesn't irritate the skin
Polymers are short chains of molecules.
Polymers are made by heating a catalyst and the double bond of small monomers breaks open and is able to join with another monomer.
What is the reaction of making polymers called?
Polymerisation
Carbon based polymer
What is gore-tex?
A breathable fabric that allows water to evaporate but doesn't let any water in.
A stretchy fabric used to make clothes.
Most polymers aren't biodegradable, why is this a problem?
They aren't broken down by micro organisms so they don't rot.
Water ruins it.
Why do we cook food?
Change taste, change texture, kill bacteria, easier to digest.
Smells nicer, tastes nicer, kill bacteria.
What statements are correct about Alkanes.
They are made from only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
All Alkanes have single bonds.
Alkanes are unsaturated compounds.
Alkanes have double bonds.
Alkanes are saturated compounds.
What is fractional distillation used for?
Separating crude oil.
Preparing crude oil.
Is this the equation for incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon? Hydrocarbon + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water + carbon monoxide + acid
How do you calculate energy?
Mass x specific heat x temp = mcT
Weight x heat x volume = mcT
What is exothermic?
Heat given out.
Heat taken in.
What is endothermic?
Flavour enhances are a type of emulsifier.
What are the environmental problems with oil?
Oils spills.
Wars.
Acid rain.
Global warming.
Extinction.
Political problems with oil are .....
Wars over pipelines.
Rise In oil prices.
You need heat and a catalyst to be able to perform cracking.
What is cracking?
The splitting up of long chain hydrocarbons.
Another name for fractional distillation.
Double covalent bonds Make up what kind of polymer?
Addition polymer
Polymerisation.
What is crude oil formed from?
The buried remains of plants and animals.
Buried rocks in the ocean.
What does cracking do?
Helps match supply to demand.
Makes more crude oil.
The word equation for complete combustion of any hydrocarbon is .... Hydrocarbon + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water
What is the definition of health?
A state of physical, social and mental well-being.
Being free from infection and disease.
What is the definition of Fit?
A measure of how well you can perform a physical task.
The same as health.
How do you measure fitness?
Strength
Stamina
Agility
Flexibility
Speed
Blood pressure
Age
Systolic pressure is when blood pressure is at its highest when the heart contracts.
What is blood pressure measured in?
mm of mercury
Cm
What can increase your blood pressure?
Smoking
Being overweight
Too much alcohol
Constant stress
Unhealthy diet
What can health problems can high blood pressure lead to?
Strokes
Kidney damage
Brain damage
Lung damage
Kwashiorkor is caused by eating too little protein.
You calculate BMI using the following formulae: BMI = body mass (Height)2
Types of pathogens:
Fungi
Flu
Bacteria
Viruses
A malignant tumour is where the tumour grows and can spread to other sites in the body.
Types of drugs:
Depressants
Stimulants
Coffee
Painkillers
Performance enhancers
Hallucinogens
