Upper Limb Region Muscles/Nerves

o: 1-8 ribs or 1-9 ribs
i: vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula
a: abducts scapula and rotates it upward "boxers muscle"

o: 2-5 or 3-5 ribs
i: coracoid process
a: abducts scapula and rotates it downward

o: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchuae, spines of C7-T12
I: clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
A; Elevates, adducts, depresses scapula, rotates scapula upward

o: transverse process of C1-4
I: superior vertebral border of scapula
A: elevates scapula

O: Spines of T2-T5
I: Vertebral border of scapula inferior to spine
A; Elevates and adducts scapula and rotates it downward

O: Spines of C7-T1
I: Vertebral border of scapula superior to spine
A: elevates and adducts scapula and rotates it downward

O: clavicle, sternum, coastal cartilages of 2-6 ribs
I: greater tubercle and intertubercular sulcus of humerus
a: adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder, flees arm, part

O: spine of t7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lower 4 ribs
I: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A: adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder, extends arm; draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly

O: lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A; abducts, flexes, and medially rotates arm arm at shoulder

O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: medially rotates arm at shoulder only

O: supraspinatus fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: Abducts arm at shoulder only, assists deltoid

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally rotates and adducts arm at shoulder

O: inferior angle of scapula
I: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A; adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder; extends arm; draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly

O: lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally rotates and adducts arm at shoulder

O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A; flexes and adducts arm

O: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula (long head) coracoid process (sht head)
I: Radial tuberosity and bicipial aponeurosis
A: Flexes arm, flexes and supinates forearm

O: Distal ant. surface of humerus
I: ulna tuberosity and coronoid process
A: major flexor of forearm

O: Lateral border of distal humerus
I: Superior to styloid process of radius
A: flex forearm, supinates and pronates forearm to neutral position

O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, medial and lateral surfaces of humerus
I: olecranon process
A: extends forearm and arm

O: C5-C6
Distribution: deltoid, teres minor
injury: surgical neck of humerus fracture
paralysis to muscles innervated by it (deltoid muscle), results in reduction of shoulder abduction

O: C5-C7
Distribution: flexors: coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis

O: C5-C8, T1
Distribution: all extensor muscles and brachioradialis
injury: wrist drop

O: C5-C8, T1
Distribution: flexors of forearm, except flexor carpi, ulnaris, and ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus
Injury: median nerve palsy- numbness, tingling, pain in palm and fingers

O: C8-Tl
Distribution: flexor carpi ulnaris and part of flexor digitorum profundus, most hand muscles
injury: clawhand-inability to adduct or abduct 4 fingers (not thumb)

Distribution: levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor

Distribution: anterior serratus
injury: winged scapula-paralysis of serratus anterior

distribution: supraspinatus and infraspinatus

distribution: latissimus dorsi

distribution: subscapularis

distribution: subscapularis, teres major

distribution pectoralis major

distribution: pectoralis major, minor