Sociology 101 test 1

Question 1
Who, of the following, would be most likely to argue that culture is the product of individuals in face-to-face encounters? a Marxist, a symbolic interactionist, a feminist, a functionalist, or a neo-Marxist?

Question 2
Postmodernists assume that social life is essentially... real, invisible, an objective reality, relative, or that with we are only semi-conscious

Question 3
Who invented the term ‘sociology’?
Weber, Comte, Mills, Gramsci, Marx

Question 4
The difference between positivistic sociology and Smith’s ‘action research’ is that ________.
action research is more concerned with sociology for people, positivist sociology and action research are the same except for the fact that action research focuses only on women’s lives, positivist research emphasizes research to create positive change in society, action research is more about the actions of social institutions and how these impact the individual, ‘action research’ is the newer name given to positivist sociology

Question 5
Which of the following best describes a situation in which verstehen would be limited?
A Master’s student studies how the word ‘fun’ is defined differently by different age groups. A male researcher studies men who are in prison for murder or attempted murder. A middle-aged researcher studies the shopping habits at a local mall. An English researcher studies life in rural Canada. A female researcher studies convicted, incarcerated rapists.

Question 6
Who were The Group of Seven?
The seven earliest sociological thinkers. A group of seven Canadian Aboriginal sculptors who first introduced the art world to soapstone carvings. The seven men and women credited with the development of the symbolic interactionist perspective. The seven women who are credited with developing modern feminist theory. A group of seven Canadian artists who expressed their nationalistic sentiments through paintings

Question 7
One of the basic standpoints of all feminists, regardless of type, is ________.
That men need to alter their perceptions of women in the workplace, The restructuring of the family as a social institution so that women are no longer constrained by familial roles, To abolish the concept of gender as we now understand it. The major changes needed in the relationships between men and women. To understand and acknowledge the viewpoint of women

Question 8
The United States has the world’s largest economy. Which of the following countries has the second largest economy? England,Japan,Canada, Russia, China

Question 9
An example of someone choosing the best possible random sample of people who live in their city would be ________.
Talking to everyone you know, talking to every tenth man who walks by your house, choosing every fifth name in the phone book, talking to as many people as possible at a large shopping mall, choosing one or two neighbourhoods in which you feel comfortable and knocking on everyone’s door

Question 10
Marx argued that the nature of society is primarily determined by ________.
Both structural and cultural components, society’s general cultural environment, ideas, the prevailing economic mode of production, philosophical arguments

Question 10
Who wrote The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism?
Erving Goffman, Max Weber, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Antonio Gramsci

Question 12
With whom do we associate the concept of ‘McDonaldization’?
Weber, Durkheim, Bourdieu, Marx, Ritzer

Question 13
Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between culture and time?
Most global cultures have changed so little over time that the differences are negligible. While a few cultural elements may adapt to global change, most do not. Culture changes very little over time. Western culture evolves constantly but other cultures do not. Culture is never static.

Question 14
Which of the following is noted in your text as one of the most common forms of research reported in the major sociological journals?
experiments, secondary data analysis, participant observation, interviews, surveys

Question 15
What do the different social phenomena we call ‘cultural’ have in common?
They are all based on the basic principles of globalization. They are all man-made material objects. They are all directly or indirectly influenced by American popular culture.. They are all, to some degree, technological.. They all make and convey meaning

Question 16
The knowledge, preferences, and tastes that people have concerning art and aesthetics can be found in the notion of ________.
cultural capital, discourse, socially constructed reality, religion, collective consciousness

Question 17
W.E.B DuBois believed that the fundamental problem of the twentieth century in the United States was ________.
T he high suicide rate among Protestants, the division between people along racial lines, the overcrowding of American prisons, that the working class does not have easy access to a university education, the oppression of the working class by capitalists

Question 18
A survey asks you to state your ethnicity. The researcher is essentially trying to get one ________ for his research project.
theory, hypothesis, variable, value, concept

Question 19
Who argued that, in sociology, we must understand our biases, make them clear, and attempt to be value-free?
Bourdieu, Marx, Spencer, Durkheim, Weber

Question 20
For which type of feminism is the economic role of women emphasized?
radical, liberal, socialist, capitalist, maternal

Question 21
In the hypothesis ‘White males in Canada perceive themselves as more powerful than non-White male Canadians’, the dependent variable is ________.
There is no dependent variable in this statement, gender, perception of power, nation, colour or race

Question 22
Sociology is a ________ study of society.
subjective, caustic, personal, critical, random

Question 23
Which of the following is the most widely used technique in social scientific research?
surveys, content analysis, pseudo surveys, experiments, participant observation

Question 24
W. I. Thomas is responsible for the concept of ________ with which we acknowledge that a professor’s goal in a given class may not be the goal of the students in that class.
social capital, presentation of self, intersubjectivity, definition of the situation, taking the role of the other

Question 25
In 1873, the red coats of the Mounties were selected because ________.
The English speakers in Canada believed that French speakers in Canada would not approve of the colour, those in charge of choosing the colour for the coats of Mounties argued that they read in the Bible that red was a strong colour - the colour of warriors, red symbolized the colour of the capes matadors use in the bullring, red fabric was cheaper to buy at that time, Native peoples retained respect for the British Army

Question 26
Which of the following is shaped by social forces?
your choice of music, your choice of life partner, the kinds of food you eat, the types of clothes you wear, all of the above

Question 27
Cultural boundaries are ________.
fuzzy for a number of reasons including borrowing across cultures and and common physical spaces shared by most members of society, easily detectable within one’s own culture, but more difficult to discern in a culture with which one is not familiar, a sociological concept used to research culture only, clear and specified with most cultures, only present between nations, never within a nation

Question 28
Einstein said, as your text notes, ‘God does not play dice with the universe’. By this, Einstein meant that ________.
We can successfully study the universe through systematic research, God designed the universe haphazardly, with no clear plan in mind, humans evolved from other life forms over many millennia, creationism explains the universe, God used the principles of games of chance like the throwing of dice when designing the universe

Question 29
According to Durkheim, one source of togetherness originated in regular, sacred gatherings during which people experienced ________.
collective conscience, mass consumption, false consciousness, collective solidarity, collective effervescence

Question 30
‘Taking the role of the other’ involves ________.
learning to interact with many others at the same time, seeing ourselves as objectively as possible, job shadowing a professional, the ability to stand in someone else’s shoes and see a situation as they see it, none of the above

Question 31
Which of the following is NOT noted in the text as one of the purposes of research?
explanation, description, prediction, baseline, exploration

Question 32
Weber argued that capitalism arose in Europe as an untended consequence of ________.
the Protestant Reformation, the decline of religion as a centring force for people’s lives, the Renaissance, globalization, industrialization

Question 33
Culture is inherently ________.
unstable, progressive, evolutionary, volatile, all of the above

Question 34
That Canadians believe in representative democracy as a necessary form of self-government is an example of ________.
the state, a cultural element of Canadian society, an idea about politics, a social institution, a structural element of society

Question 35
In the Global Issues box in the chapter about culture, we learn that ________.
advertisers target women in India and China to sell jewellery, advertisers target young men in Africa to sell men’s cologne, advertisers target older men in India to sell Viagra, advertisers target people with darker skin to sell skin lightening products, advertisers target children in India and Africa to sell Disney products, including toys and videos

Question 36
Which of the following is true of in-depth interviews?
Most in-depth interviews result in less information gathered than do mail-out surveys. All in-depth interviews are like ordinary social interaction. They can be either structured or unstructured or semi-structured., They work best when structured., They work best when unstructured.

Question 37
With whom do we associate the idea that communication requires both encoding and decoding?
Max Weber, Karl Marx, Antonia Gramsci, Emile Durkheim, Stuart Hall

Question 38
The first criterion for choosing a site for field research is ________.
the people available to the researcher in terms of conversations, questions, etc., the age of the researcher, the topic of study, establishing how long you want to be in the field the gender of the researcher

Question 39
Which of the following is an example of a random error?
You have all of the members of you target population answer questions.
You have the wrong people fill out your survey. Respondents answer questions they way they think the researcher wants them to answer them. You have respondents answer questions they way they want to, regardless of what the researcher wants to discover. Respondents check off answers to questions without thinking about them.

Question 40
________ is the term we use to refer to the accidental mistakes that can sometimes sneak into a piece of research.
‘Verstehen’, ‘Error’, ‘Validity’, ‘Bias’, ‘Face validity’

Question 41
One of the most important principles to arise from the Nuremberg trials is ________.
making sure there is no potential physical or emotional harm that can be done by the research, full disclosure of the research and its theories and hypotheses, ensuring that participants are prepared to complete the research process regardless of their concerns, ensuring that no prisoners are ever allowed to participate in sociological research, voluntary participation in research

Question 42
Randomization ensures that our sample is ________.
error-free, the appropriate size, representative, likely biased in ways we cannot anticipate, incapable of producing errors

Question 43
Who, of the following, would be most likely to argue that change and conflict are the features that characterize society?
Comte, Baudrillard, Bourdieu, Durkheim, Marx

Question 44
‘Do you believe that God exists and that he controls virtually every move that humans make?’ is an example of a(n) ________ question.
pseudo, fill in the blank, double-barrelled, multiple choice, essay-type

Question 46
Sociology is most relevant during times of ________.
slow economic growth, rapid social and economic change, moderate social change only, economic stability in most nations of the world, peace rather than war

Question 47
Reliability of the measurement process refers to ________.
its value to the research, its accuracy, its level of consistency, its ability to be utilized by all sociologists, its generalizability

Question 48
Typically, whether you adopt a macro or micro approach in sociology depends on ________.
to how many respondents you can have access, what you are trying to discover, with which approach you are most comfortable working, to which approach you are most attracted on a theoretical basis, the relative importance of your research to the society in which you live

Question 49
The use of either/or propositions is termed ________ thinking.
binary, haphazard, objective, critical, caustic

Question 50
Goffman’s analysis of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance is known as ________.
role playing, thematic analysis, stage theory, dramaturgical analysis, Broadway analysis