Identify the role of receptors in detecting stimuli.

Explain that the response to a stimulus involves:
- stimulus
- receptor
- messenger
- effector
- response

Explain that the response to a stimulus involves:
- stimulus
- receptor
- messenger
- effector
- response

Identify data sources, gather and process information from secondary sources to identify the range of senses involved in communication.

Describe the anatomy and function of the human eye, including the:
- conjunctiva
- cornea
- sclera
- choroid
- retina
- iris
- lens
- aqueous and vitreous humor
- ciliary body
- optic nerve

Identify the limited range of wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum detected by humans and compare this range with those of other vertebrates and invertebrates.

Use available evidence to suggest reasons for the differences in range of electromagnetic radiation detected by humans and other animals.

Identify the conditions under which refraction of light occurs.

Identify the cornea, aqueous humor, lens and vitreous humor as refractive media.

Identify accommodation as the focusing on objects at different distances, describe its achievement through the change in curvature of the lens and explain its importance.