A conduct problem refers to age-inapropriate actions and attitudes of a child that violates family expectations, societal norms, and the personal or property rights of another
Children with severe conduct problems _________ grow up in extremely unfortunate family and neighborhood circumstances (abuse, poverty, exposure to criminal activity)
never
sometimes
often
always
In normal development, antisocial behaviour ________ and then __________.
appears, stays
appears, declines
declines, never returns
declines, comes back
Antisocial behaviours are more common in girls during childhood than in boys, but this difference decreases in adolescence. (p271)
Longitudinal studies have found aggressive acts to be highly stable (p.271)
Children with an early, persistent, and extreme pattern of antisocial behaviour account for how much crime in the US? (p.271)
50%
65%
75%
90%
What is juvenile delinquincy? (p.272)
describes bad kids in general
children who commit only serious offences
a word only used by TV cop programs
children who have broken the law, regardless of severity
The minimum age of criminal responsibility ranges from 7-14 years in most states and provinces. (p.272)
Every child who meets a legal definition of delinquency will also meet the definition for a mental disorder. (p.272)
Conduct problems fall on the dimension of externalizing behaviour. What are the two subdimensions of externalizing behaviour? (p.272)
rule-breaking behaviour
verbal assault behaviour
aggressive behaviour
blaming behaviour
The overt-covert dimension ranges from acts such as cruelty to animals or physical assault to arguing or irritability. (p.273)
What dimension of antisocial behaviour covers the definition: children with overt antisocial behaviour tend to be negative, irritable, and resentful in reactions to hostile situations and experience higher levels of family conflict, while kids with covert antisocial behaviour are less social, more anxious, and more suspicious of others while coming from homes that provide little family support. (p.273)
overt-covert dimension
destructive-nondestructive dimension
aggressive-non aggressive dimension
external-internal dimension
Conduct problems are also referred to as disruptive behaviour disorders. (p.274)
ODD and CD are not collectively referred to as conduct disorders or disruptive behaviour disorders. (p274)
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is defined in the DSM-5 as children displaying an age-inappropriate recurrent pattern of stubborn, hostile, disobediant, and defiant behaviours. (p.275)
ODD usually appears by age 5.(p.275)
Children with ODD are often at a greater risk of developing later:
impulse control disorders
narcolepsy
enuresis
substance-use disorders
PSTD
mood and anxiety disorders
Some findings have found that symptoms of ODD can be grouped into 3 dimensions: negative affect, defiance, and hurtful behaviour. All 3 symptoms have been found to occur consistently with each other.
DSM-5 organizes ODD symptoms into 3 symptom clusters: (p.275)
angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behaviour, vindictiveness
angry/irritable mood, externalizing of blame, vindictiveness,
angry/irritable mood, argumentative behaviour, internalizing issues
low affect/neutral mood, argumentative behaviour, vindictiveness
A child is being diagnosed with ODD. While diagnosing, the clinician is looking at a severity rating. The child has displayed symptoms in 3 or more settings; thus the clinician should apply a severity rating of: (p.275)
mild
moderate
severe
Percent of children clinically referred with ODD displaying symptoms in 2 or more settings? (p.276)
40%
60%
85%
Conduct disorder (CD) is classified by a repetitive and persistent pattern of severely aggressive and anti-social acts that involve inflicting pain upon others or interfering with the rights of others through physical and verbal aggression, stealing, or vandalism. (p.276)
What diagnostic tool groups the symptoms of CD into 4 dimensions (aggression to people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness/theft, & serious violation of rules)? (p.276)
ICD-10
DSM-5
my intro to psych prof
CD never co-occurs with any other disorders. (p.276)
The DSM-5 distinguishes between youths wirth an early or late onset of CD. Those with childhood-onset CD display AT LEAST 3 symptoms before age 10.
Childhood-onset CD is more often diagnosed: (p.276)
in girls than boys
equally in girls and boys
very rarely in either girls or boys
in boys than girls
Youths diagnosed with adolescent-onset CD are: (p.277)
as likely to be girls as boys, and do not display the severity or psychopathology that characterizes the childhood-onset group
as likely to be girls as boys, and display more of the severity or psychopathology that characterizes the childhood-onset group
less likely to be boys than girls, and do not display the severity or psychopathology that characterizes the childhood-onset group
less likely to be boys than girls, and display more of the severity or psychopathology that characterizes the childhood-onset group
ODD and CD appear to be distinguishable diagnoses and not highly correlated. (p.278)
Persistent aggressive behaviour and CD in childhood may be a precursor of adult antisocial personality disorder (APD. (p. 278)
APD is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and the violation of rights of others
Adolescents with APD may display psychopathic features. Psychopathic features are defined as: (p.278)
a pattern of persistent extrasensory perception, especially psychic abilities
a pattern of mindful behaviour towards others
a pattern of dramatic changes in temperament that are temporary, but occur multiple times within 6 months
a pattern of callous, manipulative, deceitful, and remorseless behaviour
Children with a callous and unemotional (CU) interpersonal style may be at a higher risk for extreme antisocial and aggressive acts, and poor long term outcomes. (p.279)
CU symptoms in childhood are __________ as ODD and CD symptoms over time, but/and may be ___________ during development. (p.279)
as unstable; stable
as unstable; unstable
as stable; stable
as stable; unstable
The DSM-5 has how many specifiers for a CD diagnosis? (p.277)
4
5
6
0
The textbook argues that Bart Simpson displays symptoms for CD but not ODD. (p.279)
Children with conduct problems tend to score 8 points higher on IQ tests than their peers. (p.280)
Verbal IQ is consistently lower than ___________ in kids with CD. (p.280)
performance IQ
mathematical IQ
perceptual reasoning
working memory
Children with verbal deficits and _____________ display 4 times as much aggressive behaviour as children with only 1 factor. (p. 280)
working memory deficits
fine motor deficits
family adversity
physical health problems
The relationship between different cognitive/verbal deficits and antisocial behaviours may vary for specific types of antisocial behaviours. (p. 280)
Children with conduct problems rarely consider future consequences of their behaviour or its impact on others. This pattern is similar to that which is found in:
Autism
Sleep-wake disoders
ADHD
Depression
Problems in school, such as underachievement, grade retention, special education placement, dropout, suspension, and expulsion are not often found in children with conduct problems. (p.281)
General family disturbances, and spcific disturbances in parenting practices and family functioning are __________ related to conduct problems in children. (p.281)
strongly
somewhat
weakly
Conflict is especially high in children with conduct disorders and their siblings. (p.282)
Peer rejection in elementary school is a strong ______________ for adolescent conduct problems. (p.282)
protective factor
risk factor
predictor
example
A child who interprets another child as intentionally bumping into him in the hallway is showing a(n): (p.284)
hostile attributional bias
conduct disorder
weak self-image
attachment issue
Low self-esteem is believed to be a primary cause of conduct problems. (p.285)
Rates of premature death are _____________ in boys with conduct problems than in boys without.(p.285)
1-2 times lower
1-2 times higher
3-4 times lower
3-4 times higher
Evidence shows that conduct problems in childhood are a risk factor for substance abuse in adolescence and adulthood, and is mediated by drug use and and delinquency in early and late adolescence. (p.285)
Which disorders are most commonly found in children with conduct disorders, according to the textbook? (p.285)
Night Terrors
PTSD
Bipolar Disorder
Anxiety
More than 50% of children with CD also have ADHD. (p.285)
__________% of youths diagnosed with conduct problems will also be diagnosed with depression or anxiety. (p.286)
35
40
45
50
Some evidence suggests that ODD better accounts for the connection between conduct problems and depression, and that this relationship is driven by the negative mood symptoms of ODD (rather than defiant symptoms in CD). (p.286)
For both girls and boys, __________ severity of antisocial behaviour is associated with _____________ severity of depression and anxiety. (p.286)
decreasing; decreasing
decreasing; increasing
increasing; increasing
increasing; decreasing
All of the current evidence points to co-occurring anxiety to be a risk factor for later antisocial or aggressive behaviour. (p.286)
ODD is more prevalent than CD during ____________, but in _________________ they occur equally as often. (p.286)
childhood; adolescence
adolescence; childhood
childhood; adulthood
adulthood; childhood
During childhood, rates of conduct problems are 2-4 times ________ for boys than for girls. (p.287)
higher
lower
Gender disparity in conduct problems narrows through middle childhood, widens again in early adolescence, and then decreases during late adolescence. (p.287)
Early symptoms of CD in girls are often sexual misbehaviours. (p.287)
Conduct problems that are chronic through early childhood to adulthood have a male to female ratio of about 10:1.
Girls are less likely to use indirect forms of relational aggression (verbal insults, tattling, gossip, ostracism, etc) when angry. (p.288)
The earliest signs of conduct problems may be _____________ in the first few years of life. (p.289)
physical aggression
anxious/ambivalent attachment
disrupted sleep patterns
difficult temperment
Most children with conduct problems show ________________________ - they add new forms of antisocial behaviour over time rather than replacing old behaviours. (p.290)
addition
diversification
combinatory behaviour production
additiovisceration
