New England colonies
- MA, RI, CT, NH
- Puritans placed importance on the family (patriarchy), literacy (so everyone could read Bible)
- economy
  - climate/ soil unsuited to large-scale farming
  - economy based on small farming, home industry, dishing, trade, shipbuilding
  - Boston first international port
Southern and Chesapeake Colonies
- mercantilism
  - tobacco first planted in 1611 and quickly became commodity crop that helped VA grow into full-sized settlement
- headright system
  - VA Company disbanded and made a royal colony by James I 1617
  - way to get more Europeans to come to America to grow tobacco (every new person given 50 acres of land)
  - indentured servants: wealthy planters offered to pay for passage of those who could not afford to pay themselves in exchange for labor for an agreed upon period of time, after which they would be given a plot of land to tend on their own
- Blacks made up small percentage of population at first and by 1750 made up 30-40% of the population; initially treated as indentured servants and eventually came to be seen as lifelong slaves whose status would be inherited by their children
- NC followed VA in econ and social development while SC developed society even more dominated by large plantations and chattel slavery
Mid-Atlantic Colonies
- Quakers
  - founded PA
  - believed all people held an "inner light" that allowed them to commune directly with God, little importance on the Bible
- Delaware
  - initially part of PA and eventually given separate legislature by William Penn
types of colonial governments
- Royal colonies:
  - English monarch controlled the colonies and appointed governors and their councils to run them
  - all 13 colonies became royal colonies by mid-1700s
  - shifted from a focus on farming to a focus on household manufacturing and some commercial industries for profit such as fishing, lumbering, shipbuilding, etc.
- proprietary colonies: landowners determined the direction of government
- corporate colonies: corp. and their stockholders determined the direction of the gov and econ

C.5 U.S History, Skill #2