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PHYSIO Exam #1

Questão 1 de 34

1

The Nerntz potential for Na+ does not suggest that the concentration of this ion is equal on both sides of the membrane.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 2 de 34

1

The movement of water across a membrane is always an active process requiring primary active transport.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 3 de 34

1

The Nernst Equation is important for:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Determining the absolute membrane potential.

  • Determining the electrical potential difference, for a single ion, needed to counter the concentration difference.

  • Determining the electrical potential difference, for multiple ions, needed to counter the concentration difference.

  • Determining the concentration difference, for multiple, needed to counter the electrical potential difference.

Explicação

Questão 4 de 34

1

When determining the "equilibrium potential" for Na+, we have to assume the membrane is permeable to all solutes.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 5 de 34

1

Any difference in energy across a membrane is considered the ___________ that pushes a molecule in one direction of the other.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • magnum force

  • carrier force

  • delta force

  • driving force

Explicação

Questão 6 de 34

1

To initiate the action potential of the cell's resting membrane potential must first be changed to reach the threshold of voltage-gates sodium channels.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 7 de 34

1

Which process listed below is most responsible for maintaining the electrochemical gradient of a resting membrane?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • facilitated diffusion of Na+

  • Na+/K+ pump

  • Ca storage

  • Starbuck's coffee

Explicação

Questão 8 de 34

1

If a positively charged ion is more concentrated inside the cell, the electrical forces required to balance the chemical gradient would be directed ____________. Thus, the equilibrium potential (which reflects the voltage inside of the cell) for this ion would be __________ charged.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • inward; positively

  • outward; negatively

  • outward; positively

  • inward; negatively

Explicação

Questão 9 de 34

1

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the membrane potential were allowed to reach the equilibrium potential for Na+, in which direction (at the moment equilibrium is reached) would overall Na+ movement be?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • inward

  • outward

  • no net movement

  • varies by cell

Explicação

Questão 10 de 34

1

The initial rapid change in resting membrane voltage (potential) seen during an action potential is called the "repolarization phase".

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 11 de 34

1

The functioning (physiology) of our body is dependent and mimics the functioning of _____________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cell

  • tissue

  • organ

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 12 de 34

1

The largest concentration of the body’s water resides in the ____________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Extracellular fluid

  • Plasma

  • Intracellular fluid

  • Interstitial fluid

Explicação

Questão 13 de 34

1

Na+ has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid, than in the intracellular fluid.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 14 de 34

1

In warm weather, particular sensors within the body may sense that the body temperature is increasing. In response the systems of the body respond by trying to decrease the temperature change. This is an example of________________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Starbuck’s coffee reaction

  • Osmotic control, moving water from inside the body out

  • Homeostasic control systems

  • I don’t know

Explicação

Questão 15 de 34

1

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of ...

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Glucose and Lactose

  • Galactose and Glucose

  • Galactose and Fructose

  • Fructose and Glucose

Explicação

Questão 16 de 34

1

Which statement about enzymes is not true?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Enzymes are generally proteins

  • For enzymes to be active they should first bind/link to a reactant molecule (substrate)

  • Are usually one dimensional in shape and function.

  • Can catalyze a reaction between to other molecules.

Explicação

Questão 17 de 34

1

The enzyme _______ catalyzes the reaction whereby nucleotides are added to the polynucleotide chain that contains DNA (deoxyribose sugars).

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • RNA polymerase.

  • helicase.

  • DNA polymerase.

  • histone.

Explicação

Questão 18 de 34

1

The Mitochondria –

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Can vary in number from cell to cell

  • Utilizes Aerobic mechanisms (electron transport chain) to produce ATP

  • Uses phospholipids for its membrane

  • All of the above

Explicação

Questão 19 de 34

1

The Golgi apparatus sorts, modifies and packages proteins into vesicles targeted for their final destination.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 20 de 34

1

The property of phospholipids can be described as ___________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • A single polar region that is miscible in aqueous solution.

  • A hydrophobic region that associates with water and hydrophilic regions that face one another.

  • A hydrophilic region that associates with water and hydrophobic regions that face one another.

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 21 de 34

1

Which statement is NOT an accurate description of HOMEOSTATIC mechanisms of the body?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • They function through either positive or negative feedback systems.

  • They maintain each regulated variable around a set point.

  • They maintain a constant internal environment in the face of a variable external environment.

  • They have an unlimited capacity to respond to changes in the external environment.

Explicação

Questão 22 de 34

1

The _________________ is the site where lipids, triglycerides, and steroids are synthesized, as well as where calcium is stored within the cell.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum

  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  • Lysosomes.

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 23 de 34

1

The enzymes of glycolysis are located within the ______________ of the cell.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • inner mitochondrial membrane

  • outer cell membrane

  • lysosome

  • cytoplasm

Explicação

Questão 24 de 34

1

The concentration of Na+ in mammalian systems is generally

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Lower outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.

  • Higher outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.

  • Equal on both sides of the cell membrane

  • Not an issue due to the ions permeability of the membrane.

Explicação

Questão 25 de 34

1

The rate of diffusion in an open solution is dependent on several factors including concentration gradient, permeability across the membrane, viscosity of the fluid, and temperature.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 26 de 34

1

Which choice below does not play a role in determining osmolarity?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Concentration of solute

  • Permeability

  • Solutes that can cross the membrane

  • Solutes that can not cross the membrane

Explicação

Questão 27 de 34

1

Active transport differs from facilitated diffusion in that it uses energy to move a substance (downhill) in the direction of its concentration or electrical gradient.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 28 de 34

1

Passive transport of an ion requires that it move down its concentration gradient.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 29 de 34

1

Properties associated with protein membrane active transporters is/are -

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Selectivity

  • Uses energy from solute concentration gradient

  • Uses energy stored in ATP bonds

  • All of the above

Explicação

Questão 30 de 34

1

Which statement below is true?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Voltage across a membrane is “pressure”.

  • A Concentration differences across a membrane is a “pressure”.

  • The cell membrane containing a cell can be considered a “pressure”

  • All of the above are true

Explicação

Questão 31 de 34

1

Osmotic pressure is the pressure necessary to prevent the movement of water across a membrane.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 32 de 34

1

Sodium-linked glucose transport, where both Na+ and glucose are moving in the same direction, is an example of
_____________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • countertransport.

  • Secondary active transport.

  • antiport.

  • Primary active transport.

Explicação

Questão 33 de 34

1

The Na+/K+ pump is an excellent example of secondary active transport.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 34 de 34

1

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the voltage across the membrane of the cell were to reach the
equilibrium potential for Na+, at the moment it reaches equilibrium, in which direction would the net Na+ movement be?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Inward

  • outward

  • varies by cell

  • No net movement of Na+

Explicação