Physical Science 10 - 1st semester Final

buffer

electrolyte

pH

base

exothermic

saturated

acid

solubility

molarity

equilibrium

reaction rate

science

technology

How does the process of science start and end?

What is the relationship between science and technology?

What are the branches of natural science?

Chemistry

physics

geology

astronomy

biology

scientific method

What is the goal of a scientific method?

observation

hypothesis

manipulated variable

responding variable

controlled experiment

scientific theory

scientific law

How does scientific law differ from scientific theory?

model

Why are scientific models useful?

scientific notation

negative scientific notation

Why is scientific notation useful?

What units do scientists use for their measurements?

length

Volume

Density

Precision

significant figures

How does the precision of measurements affect the precision of scientific calculations?

Accuracy

How do scientists organize data?

slope

conversion factor

direct proportion

inverse proportion

How can scientists communicate experimental data?

pure substance

Why does every sample of a given substance have the same properties?

element

atom

Explain why the composition of an element is fixed.

compound

Describe the composition of a compound.

Why can properties of a mixture vary?

heterogeneous mixture

homogeneous mixture

On what basis can mixture be classified as solutions, suspension, or colloids?

solution

suspension

colloid

physical property

What are some examples of physical properties?

viscosity

conductivity

malleability

hardness

melting point

boiling point

How can knowing the physical properties of matter be useful?

What processes are used to separate mixtures?

Filtration

distillation

physical change

chemical Properties

When can a chemical property by observed?

Flammability

reactivity

chemical change

What observations may indicate that a chemical change has occurred?

precipitate

What is the difference between chemical and physical changes?

How can shape and volume be used to classify materials?

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Kinetic energy

How can kinetic theory and forces of attraction be used to explain the behavior of gases, liquids, and solids?

How is a gas able to fill a container of any size or shape?

Use kinetic theory and attractive forces to explain why a liquid has a definite volume and a shape that can vary.

Explain why a solid has a definite shape and volume

The kinetic theory three main points are?

Pressure

How does the frequency of collisions affect the pressure of a gas?

What factors affect gas pressure?

How does increasing the temperature affect the pressure of a contained gas?

What happens to the pressure of a gas if its volume is reduced?

How does increasing the number of particles of a contained gas affect its pressure?

absolute zero

Charles Law

Boyle's Law

Combined law

phase change

What are six common phase changes?

endothermic change

exothermic change

vaporization

evaporation

vapor pressure

condensation

Sublimation

deposition

What happens to a substance's temperature and a system's energy during a phase change?

What happens to the arrangement of water molecules as water melts and freezes?

What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?

What was Dalton's theory of the structure of matter?

what are the 4 main points of Dalton's theory

nucleus

What evidence did J.J Thomson provide about the structure of an atom?

What did Rutherford discover about the structure of an atom?

What are three subatomic particles?

proton

Electron

neutron

What properties can be sued to compare protons, electrons, and neutrons?

Atomic number

How are atoms of one element different form atoms of other elements?

mass number

Isotopes

How are the isotopes of an element different from one another?