Ones own group is superior to others
Ethnocentrism
Egocentrism
Interference
Frame of Reference
To impede communication
The sum of a person's knowledge and goals
Inteference
How much of your time is spent in conversation?
30%
90%
40%
60%
Similarities between Public Speaking & Conversation
Organize thoughts logically
Tailor message to audience
Tell stories for maximum impact
Adapt to feedback
Types of Plagarism
Global (steal the whole thing)
Patchwork (steal pieces from different sources)
Incremental (forgetting to give credit to a quote)
Types of Listening
Appreciative
Empathetic
Comprehensive
Critical
Global Plagiarism is
Stealing the whole thing
Stealing from multiple sources and piecing together
Forgetting to give credit to a quote
Patchwork Plagiarism is
Stealing pieces from different sources and putting together
Incremental Plagiarism is
Stealing pieces and putting together
Appreciative Listening is
Enjoyment, fun, movie, music
Provide emotional support
Listening to understand the message
Listening to evaluate the message (sales deal, promotion)
Empathetic Listening is
Enjoyment, fun, movie music
To provide emotional support
Comprehensive Listening is
Critical Listening is
To understand the message
To evaluate the message (sales, promotion)
3 reasons for giving a speech
To inform
To persuade
To entertain
To be concerned about your own beliefs is
Name a search aid with both internet technology and traditional resources
Virtual library
Wikipedia
Government Sites
Encyclopedia
A general purpose statement is to
Inform
Persuade
Entertain
3 criteria for judging reliability of internet documents
Authorship, Sponsorship, Recency
Authorship, Advertisements, Popularity
Authorship, Sponsorship, Popularity
Numerical data is
Statistics
Examples
Testimony
3 supporting materials during a speech are
Examples, Statistics, Testimonies
Examples, Samples, Testimonies
Samples, Opinions, Convinction
Life experiences are
Testimonials
Data (mean, median, mode, etc) are
Quoting an expert's opinion is
Organizational Patterns
Chronological (earliest to latest)
Spatial (east to west)
Casual (cause to effect)
Problem > Solution (problem to solution)
Topical (main point to topics)
In a speech, a signpost is
First, second, third
Similarly, likewise, also
However, on the other hand, in contrast
All of the above
What does the introduction do?
It lets the listeners know what will be discussed
It brings the speech to a close
What does a conclusion do?
It reinforces the main idea
Brings the speech to a close
Introduces the main points
Rate people can listen per minute
400-800
800-1200
200-400
Rate people can speak per minute
120-180
80-120
180-220
Denotation is
The specific idea or concept that a word refers to; a primary significance of a word
Emotional and imaginative association of a word
Connotation is
The specific idea or concept that a word refers to
The emotional and imaginative association surrounding a word
A word or phrase is concrete if
It is specific, tangible, belongs to an immediate experience to an actual event
It is insufficiently factual, little written representation, unclear, hazy
A word or phrase is abstract if
It is insufficiently factual, has little written representation, hazy
Types of dialect
accent
grammar
vocabulary
written
Types of Visual Aids
Objects (golf clubs)
Enlarged Photos
Graphs (statistics)
Charts (statistics)
Videos (YouTube)
Speaker (Wear it!)
Presentation technology (PowerPoint)
Wallet Photos
