❌ manufacturing is a way of reducing ❌/waste produced/time. Just in time(JIT) reduces waste as parts/components are delivered just before they are needed, therfore reducing un-used parts and saving the company money. ❌ is where floor workers suggest ways to improve efficency and can add ideas of how to keep them happy/motivated so they are working as best as possible. Poke-a-yoke is using machines to reduce time/money/waste, Robots/machines do the job quicker and more efficiently but ❌ need humans to finsih the product; high start up ❌ are a downside and having someone to maintain/fix them.

Nanotechnology can be used in many different industrys. Nanoparticles are measured in ❌ (nm), a nanometre is a ❌ of a normal metre. Nanoparticles can be found ❌ but can also be made, or even created by accident in combustion.Nanoparticles have different particles on a nanoscale compared to a normal scale, this makes it easier to change the ❌ of the material.

5 stages in pcb manufacturing,
1-design layout,
2-producing the artwork,
3-etching
4-drilling the board
5-❌