Blood gas data does not assess which of the following processes?
Oxygenation
Ventilation
Acid-base balance
Perfusion
When has a person has acidemia, the H* ion concentration in the blood is while in alkalemia, the H* ion concentration in the blood is .
Base excess has a normal value of ❌. A negative value of base excess indicates metabolic acidosis while a positive value indicates metabolic alkalosis.
A pH of 7.0 is what amount of hydrogen ions?
1,000
100
40
10
Which is the first line of defense to maintain homeostasis?
Bicarbonate
Hemoglobin
Protein
Phosphate
is when an acid donates H* to the base.
Which of the following pKa values would be the strongest acid?
50
25
-5
Label the steps of the following in the bicarbonate buffer system.
Carbon dioxide combines with water
H* and bicarbonate products are formed
Carbonic acid is formed
Carbonic acid dissociates
This image is an example of the .
According to the Henderson-Hasselbach equation, pH is related to bicarb and related to PaCO2.
Hemoglobin protein can reversibly bind either to H* (the protein) or 02 (to the Fe of the heme group). When one substance is bound, the other is .
What's another word for a hamburger shift?
Chloride shift
Potassium shift
Sodium shift
Bicarbonate shift
What chemoreceptor is responsible for 85 percent of the ventilatory response to increased PaC02?
Peripheral
Central
Afferent
Efferent
The proximal tubules of the kidneys regulate what?
H* levels
Plasma bicarbonate levels
Oxygen levels
What medication inhibits carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, which impairs bicarb absorption?
Acetazolamide
Lasix
Diuril
A compensatory response to acid-base disturbances is in the direction as the disturbance.
What is the threshold pH that indicates need for intubation?
7.3
7.2
7.1
7.0
With metabolic alkalosis with chronic respiratory acidosis, you should avoid mechanical hyperventilation.
Fill in the equation for an anion gap: AG = Na K Cl HCO3( Na, K, Cl, HCO3 ) - ([Cl K Na HCO3( Cl, K, Na, HCO3 )] - [HCO3 Na Cl K( HCO3, Na, Cl, K )])
Which of the following are indicators of the severity of metabolic acidosis? (Select all that apply)
Base deficit
Lactate levels
pKa levels
Bicarb levels
What is the calculation for sodium bicarbonate resuscitation in metabolic acidosis?
Base deficit X patient weight in kilograms X WHAT? = mEq of NaCHO3; Divide this dose in half and re-test after initial dose.
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
Transfusing large volumes of blood can cause metabolic acidosis.
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