Ecology Midterm 2

Classical Conditioning

Deer mice, owls and habitat familiarity

Four ways that animals can adapt to their environment

Evolution

Ontogeny

Immediate Causation

Function

Function of gene expression

Genetic Variation

Function of polymorphism

Loci (Locus)

Inbred Lines

Homogeneous Genes

Think, then talk
Based on the results from a cross, fostering study of masked boobies (siblicidal) and blue-footed boobies (not siblicidal), do differences in parental behavior, offspring behavior, or both contribute to the differences between the species?

Example of a cross-fostering experiment

Example of garden experiment

What are garden experiments

Quantitative Trait
Loci (QTL) Analysis

Inbred Lines

Cross-Fostering

Phenotypic Variability

WHat was the
Fos B +
Fos B -
test?

Polymorphism
(Negative frequency dependent selection)

Single-Gene Effects

Epigeneisis

No points pop-quiz
Suppose you were interested in how a gene called distal-less behavior is mosquitos. Which of the following techniques should you pursue

Zenk

Habituation at the molecular level

Hippocampal Geneexpression

Dominance in Astatolipia

Developmental Plasticity

Brainstorm
Examples of adaptive and non-adaptive plasticity

Norms of Reaction

Draw, then talk
bright 111.2 (enri) 117.0 (nen)
DUll 119.7 (enri) 164.0 (nenvir)
Draw the norm of reaction
Is there evidence of...
Genetic effect?
-for one or both environments
environmental effect?
-for one or both genotyoes
interaction effects?

Plasticity in defense

Plasticity and puberty

Discrete adaptive plastisticity

Example of Discrete plasticity

Breakout time
What are the costs and benigits of cannibalism in salamanders? How would you predict population density and kinship affect the probaility of cannibalism

Sexual Polyphenism
(dung beetle)

Wing Experiment in butterfly's

Developmental instability
(Fluctuating asymmetry)

Lack of plasticity

Canalization

Harlow Experiment

Ontogenetic niche

Genetic Adaption

Individual learning

Cultural Transmission

Niche Construction

Habituation

What is habituation distinct from?

Habituation during observational studies

The habituation-dis habotuation paradigm

Sensitization

Associative Learning

Neutral stimulus

Unconditioned stimulus (us)

Unconditioned repsonse

NS becomes conditioned stimusul

UCR becomes conditioned response

Operant conditioning

Puzzle boxes (throdnike)

Reinforcement and punishment

Positive Punishment

Positive Reinforcement

Negative Punishment

Negative reinforcement

Uses and Variations of operant conditioning

Difference between operant and classical conditioning

Clicker training

Latent learning

Insight learning

Hebbian Theory

Vocal learning and sleep

COsts and benifits of learning

Garcia Effect

Food caching

Trap-lining

Social Learning

Learning an predation

Learning and reproduction

Learning and individual recognition

SOcial learning

Contagion (Response faciliation)

Local enhancement (response facilitation)

Emulation

Imitation in social learning

Teaching through social learning

Indentify teaching