Cognitive Neuroscience - Research Methods

A refers to the situation where a patient is impaired on one task but relatively spared on another.

A refers to the situation where two single dissociations have a complementary profile of abilities.

A dissociation provides stronger evidence than a dissociation for the independence of two cognitive functions.

is a non-invasive method used to stimulate neural activity in studies involving human participants. It generates above the stimulation site, which alters the electrical activity of the target site underneath the scalp.

Recordings from macroelectrodes attached to the scalp of human participants are called .

An is an EEG based measure of the brain's response to a specific sensory, cognitive or motor event.

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures induced by neurons' electrical activity.

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has better resolution but poorer resolution than functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Positron emission tomography (PET) uses to indicate regional metabolic rates of the brain.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging uses to indicate regional metabolic rates of the brain.

The methodology in PET and fMRI studies involves comparisons of imaging data recorded during an experimental task with imaging data recorded during a control task.

Describe and compare the three major approaches to studying the relationship between the brain and behaviour.
Three approaches"
1. - study the behavioural consequences of .
2. - study behavioural consequences of . For example (TMS)
3. - measure to behavioural manipulation. Typical methods include MEG (use fields), EEG (uses uptake) and fMRI (uses level).
When comparing 1 and 2, both (ie. control vs group for 1, and before vs after for 2), and measure . Brain lesions are , but effects of stimulation are .
When comparing 1 and 2 vs 3 - 1 and 2 manipulate and measure , but 3 manipulate (engaged vs not engaged) and measures .