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Thorax- Anatomy 2nd Sem, 2nd Year- PMU

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Thorax- Anatomy 2nd Sem, 2nd Year- PMU

Questão 1 de 119

1

Pectoral nerves are branches of the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 2 de 119

1

Long thoracic nerve is a direct branch of the roots of the brachial plexus

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 3 de 119

1

Dorsal scapular nerve is a direct branch of the roots of the brachial plexus

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 4 de 119

1

Superior trunk of the brachial plexus gives off n.suprascapularis and nerve to the subclavius

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 5 de 119

1

Mediastinum is the space in thoracic cavity where the lungs are located

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 6 de 119

1

The lower border of parietal pleura is projected at the level of 12th rib on the back of the thorax

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 7 de 119

1

The surasternal space is between the superficial (investing) and middle lamina of deep cervical fascia

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 8 de 119

1

The phrenic nerve is a part of the neurovascular bundle of the neck

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 9 de 119

1

The cervical parietal pleura farms the dome of each pleural cavity

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 10 de 119

1

The parietal and visceral pericardium are separated by a thin film of fluid

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 11 de 119

1

*The subclavian vessels arch over the anterior surface of the dome of the pleura

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 12 de 119

1

The costomediastinal recess lies along the inferior margin of the pleura

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 13 de 119

1

The costodiaphragmatic recess extends between the thoracic wall and the vertical part of the diaphragm

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 14 de 119

1

The phrenic nerve and its accompanying vessels pass anterior to the lung root

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 15 de 119

1

The vagus nerve descends posterior to the lung root

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 16 de 119

1

The phrenic and vagus nerves descend between the pericardium and sternum

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 17 de 119

1

The thoracic duct enters the thoracic cavity through hiatus aorticus

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 18 de 119

1

The lower boundary of mediastinum superius is the plane between angulus sterni and Th4/Th5

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 19 de 119

1

The upper boundary of mediastinum superius is the plane between the sternal notch and Th1

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 20 de 119

1

Phrenic nerve passes posteriorly to the root of the lungs

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 21 de 119

1

Vagus nerve passes anteriorly to the root of the lungs

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 22 de 119

1

Phrenic and vagus nerves pass together posteriorly to the root of the lungs

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 23 de 119

1

In the thorax sympathetic trunk is ultimately related to the esophagus

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 24 de 119

1

Aortic arch may have from 1 to 6 branches

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 25 de 119

1

The pleural cavity contains:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Blood

  • Mucosal fluid

  • Serous fluid

  • Air

Explicação

Questão 26 de 119

1

*In lymphatic drainage of the breast, the major portion (about 75%) enters eventually into which group of nodes?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Central axillary

  • Deltopectoral

  • Lateral axillary

  • Parasternal

  • Subscapular

Explicação

Questão 27 de 119

1

A woman with breast cancer subsequently develops metastases in her vertebral column. The most direct route for spread of the tumor to the vertebral column was via:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • branches of the cephalic vein

  • branches of the lateral thoracic vein

  • branches of the thoracoacromial veins

  • lymphatic vessels draining into the axilla

  • branches of the intercostal veins

Explicação

Questão 28 de 119

1

*The clavipectoral fascia is penetrated by which artery?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Anterior circumflex humeral

  • Axillary

  • Subscapular

  • Thoracoacromial

  • Thoracodorsal

Explicação

Questão 29 de 119

1

*During a motorcycle accident, an 18-year-old male landed on the right lateral side of his rib cage with his right upper limb abducted. In the hospital he was found to have "winging” of the right scapula. Which nerve was likely damaged in the accident?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Accessory

  • Lateral pectoral

  • Lung thoracic

  • Phrenic

  • Vagus

Explicação

Questão 30 de 119

1

Breast cancer cells can spread directly to the cranial cavity and brain via the vertebral venous plexus. Thmngh which route can they reach this plexus?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Axillary lymph nodes

  • Internal thoracic vein

  • Intercostal veins

  • Parasternal lymph nodes

  • Thoracoacromial artery

Explicação

Questão 31 de 119

1

While observing a mastectomy on a 60-year-old female patient, a medical student was asked by the surgeon to help tie off the arteries that supply the medial side of the breast. The artery that gives origin to these small branches is the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Internal thoracic

  • Musculophrenic

  • Posterior intercostal

  • Superior epigastric

  • Tharacoacromial

Explicação

Questão 32 de 119

1

*Upon finding a malignant tumor in the medial portion of the breast of a 40-year-old female, the surgeon began to search for the lymph nodes that would be the first ones reached by metastatic spread of cancer cells from this site. Which group(s) would have to be examined to determine whether metastasis had occurred?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Central only

  • Parastemal only

  • Parastemal and apical

  • Parasternal and lateral

  • Parasternal and pectoral

Explicação

Questão 33 de 119

1

When inserting a chest tube, intercostal vessels and nerves are avoided by placing the tube immediately:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • above the margin of a rib

  • below the margin of a rib

Explicação

Questão 34 de 119

1

Because of its angle with the trachea and size of the main bronchus. a bronchoscpe would pass more readily into which lung?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Left

  • Right

Explicação

Questão 35 de 119

1

The second costal cartilage can be located by palpating the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • costal margin

  • sternal angle

  • sternal notch

  • sternoclavicular joint

  • xiphoid process

Explicação

Questão 36 de 119

1

The thoracic wall is innervated by:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Dorsal primary rami

  • lntercostal nerves

  • Lateral pectoral nerves

  • Medial pectoral nerves

  • Thoracodorsal nerves

Explicação

Questão 37 de 119

1

A 3rd~year medical student was doing her first physical exam. In order to properly place her stethoscope to listen to heart sounds, she palpated bony landmarks. She began at the jugular notch, then slid her fingers down to the sternal angle. At which rib (costal cartilage) level were her fingers?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 1

  • 2

  • 3

  • 4

  • Can’t be determined

Explicação

Questão 38 de 119

1

The portion of the parietal pleura that extends above the first rib is called the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • costodiaphragmatic recess

  • costomediastinal recess

  • costocervical recess

  • cupola

  • endothoracic fascia

Explicação

Questão 39 de 119

1

A stethoscope placed over the left second intercostal space just lateral to the sternum would be best positioned to detect sounds associated with which heart valve?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • aortic

  • pulmonary

  • mitral

  • tricuspid

Explicação

Questão 40 de 119

1

Which valves would be open during ventricular systole?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Aortic and pulmonary

  • Aortic and tricuspid

  • Mitral and aortic

  • Tricuspid and mitral

  • Tricuspid and pulmonary

Explicação

Questão 41 de 119

1

Which statement is true of the right atrioventricular valve?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • it is also called the mitral valve

  • it is open during ventricular diastole

  • it transmits oxygenated bleed

  • it is opened by the pull of chordae tendineae

  • it consists of 2 leaflets

Explicação

Questão 42 de 119

1

The heart sound associated with the mitral valve is best heard:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • In the jugular notch

  • In the second left intercostal space

  • In the second right intercostal space

  • In the fifth left intercostal space

  • To the right of the xiphoid process

Explicação

Questão 43 de 119

1

You are attending an operation to remove a thymic tumor from the superior mediastinum. The surgeon asks, “What important nerve lying on and partly curving posteriorly around the arch of the aorta should we be careful of as we remove this mass?” You quickly answer, “The--

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • left phrenic

  • left sympathetic trunk

  • left vagus

  • right phrenic

  • right sympathetic trunk

Explicação

Questão 44 de 119

1

The sternocostal surface of the heart is formed primarily by the anterior wall of which heart chamber?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Left atrium

  • Left ventricle

  • Right atrium

  • Right ventricle

Explicação

Questão 45 de 119

1

Which of the following layers provides a natural cleavage plane for surgical separation of the costal pleura from the thoracic wall?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Deep fascia

  • Endothoracic fascia

  • Parietal pleura

  • Visceral pleura

  • Transversus thoracis muscle fascia

Explicação

Questão 46 de 119

1

The diaphragm receives its main motor nerve supply from:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • N. Vagus

  • Truncus sympaticus

  • N. Intercostalis

  • N. Phrenicus

  • N. Accessorius

Explicação

Questão 47 de 119

1

Which structure does NOT lie in the coronary sulcus?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • circumflex artery

  • coronary sinus

  • right coronary artery

  • right marginal artery

  • left coronary artery

Explicação

Questão 48 de 119

1

Which posterior mediastinal structure is most closely applied to the posterior surface of the pericardial sac?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Aorta

  • Azygos vein

  • Esophagus

  • Thoracic duct

  • Trachea

Explicação

Questão 49 de 119

1

In obstruction of the superior or inferior vena cava, venous blood is returned to the heart by an alternate route via the azygos vein, which becomes dilated in the process. Which of the following structures might it compress as a result?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • trachea

  • root of the left lung

  • phrenic nerve

  • thoracic duct

  • descending aorta

Explicação

Questão 50 de 119

1

Elevated systolic blood pressure in the right ventricle suggests stenosis of which valve?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Aortic

  • Mitral

  • Pulmonary

  • Tricuspid

Explicação

Questão 51 de 119

1

You are called to perform thoracentesis (remove fluid from the pleural cavity). If you are to avoid injuring lung or neurovascular elements. where would you insert the aspiration needle?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the top of interspace 8 in the midclavicular line

  • the bottom of interspace 8 in the midclavicular line

  • the top of interspace 9 in the midaxillary line

  • the bottom of interspace 9 in the midaxillary line

  • the top of interspace 11 in the scapular line

Explicação

Questão 52 de 119

1

The pleural space into which lung tissue just above the cardiac notch would tend to expand during deep inspiration is the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Anterior mediastinum

  • Costodiaphragmatic recess

  • Costomediastinal recess

  • Cupola

  • Pulmonary ligament

Explicação

Questão 53 de 119

1

Which vessel courses across the mediastinum in an almost horizontal fashion?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Left subclavian artery

  • Left subclavian vein

  • Left brachiocephalic vein

  • Left internal jugular vein

  • Left common carotid artery

Explicação

Questão 54 de 119

1

An 8-year-old boy is found to have a mid-line tumor of the thymus gland that is impinging posteriorly on a blood vessel. The affected vessel is most likely the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • left brachiocephalic vein

  • left pulmonary vein

  • left bronchial vein

  • right pulmonary artery

  • right superior intecostal vein

Explicação

Questão 55 de 119

1

Sympathetic fibers in the greater thoracic splanchnic nerve arise from neuron cell bodies found in the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • brainstem

  • celiac ganglion

  • chain ganglion

  • spinal cord

  • superior mesenterric ganglion

Explicação

Questão 56 de 119

1

Gray rami communicantes contain postganglionic sympathetic fibers that innervate which of the following structures in the thoracic region?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • aorta

  • heart

  • lung

  • sweat glands

  • trachea

Explicação

Questão 57 de 119

1

In the midregion of the thorax the thoracic duct lies immediately posterior to the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • aorta

  • azygos vein

  • esophagus

  • superior vena cava

  • trachea

Explicação

Questão 58 de 119

1

Lymph nodes can be found in which mediastinal compartments?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Anterior

  • Middle

  • Posterior

  • All of the above

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 59 de 119

1

A tumor of the posterior mediastinum is most likely to compress which of the following structures?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Arch of the aorta

  • Esophagus

  • Inferior vena cava

  • Pulmonary trunk

  • Trachea

Explicação

Questão 60 de 119

1

The aorta is located in which mediastinal compartments?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Anterior only

  • Anterior and middle

  • Middle only

  • Middle and posterior

  • Posterior only

Explicação

Questão 61 de 119

1

While performing transesophageal echocardiography on a patient, the posterior wall of the esophagus, immediately behind the left atrium, was punctured from within. The patient subsequently developed an infection in the Space around the esophagus at this point, namely the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Anterior mediastinum

  • Middle mediastinum

  • Posterior mediastinum

  • Superior mediastinum

Explicação

Questão 62 de 119

1

Since the puncture in the previous question was through the posterior wall of the esophagus, the doctors were also very concerned about possible damage to a thin-walled vessel just behind the esophagus and between the azygos vein and aorta, i.e., the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Hemiazygos vein

  • Left bronchial vein

  • Left pulmonary vein

  • Superior vena cava

  • Thoracic duct

Explicação

Questão 63 de 119

1

During a surgical procedure, a patient’s right sympathetic trunk was accidentally severed just cranial to the level of spinal nerve T1. Which function would be left intact in the affected region?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Arrector pili muscle activity

  • Dilation/constriction of blood vessels

  • Sweat production

  • Visceral reflex activity

  • Voluntary muscle activity

Explicação

Questão 64 de 119

1

Most of the drainage of the thoracic body wall reaches the superior vena cava via the azygos vein. A notable exception is the left superior intercostal vein, which normally drains into the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Left brachiocephalic vein

  • Left bronchial vein

  • Left pulmonary vein

  • Left subclavian vein

  • Superior vena cava

Explicação

Questão 65 de 119

1

You are observing a physician perform a thoracoscopic procedure. She pushes the deflated lung anteroinferiorly and points out a nervous structure lying across the heads of the ribs. You identify this structure as the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Greater thoracic splanchnic nerve

  • Sympathetic trunk

  • Phrenic nerve

  • Pulmonary plexus

  • Vagus nerve

Explicação

Questão 66 de 119

1

An enlarging lymph node gradually constricts the flow of blood in the azygos venous arch. Which vessel would enlarge as a result of collateral drainage?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Superior vena cava

  • Inferior vena cava

  • Internal thoracic vein

  • Right brachiocephalic vein

  • Superior epigastric vein

Explicação

Questão 67 de 119

1

A cancerous growth from the body of the 9th thoracic vertebra exerts pressure anterolaterally. Which structure lies in direct contact with this growth?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Right vagus nerve

  • Right phrenic nerve

  • Right sympathetic trunk

  • Right greater thoracic splanchnic nerve

  • Right 9th intercostal nerve

Explicação

Questão 68 de 119

1

A 45-year-old female patient complains of excessive sweating on the right side of the face and neck and in the right armpit region, where it leaves her clothing constantly stained with moisture. It is now such a terrible social embarrassment that she has become withdrawn and self-conscious. Since no medical treatment has proven effective, she is considering surgical denervation of the sweat glands in the affected areas. Which structure(s) might be removed or cut in order to alleviate her condition?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Cervicothoracic (stellate) ganglion

  • Dorsal roots of cervical nerves

  • Greater thoracic splanchnic nerve

  • Lumbar sympathetic trunk

  • Vagus nerve

Explicação

Questão 69 de 119

1

The mammary gland

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • consists of 10-20 simple glands

  • consists of 50-70 simple glands

  • lies on the deep layer of fascia pectoralis

  • lies between the deep and superficial layer of fascia pectoralis

  • lies on the superficial layer of fascia pectoralis

Explicação

Questão 70 de 119

1

The average female breast

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • never extends laterally over the serratus anterior muscle

  • has a separate duct for each lobe opening on to the nipple

  • develops a large amount of secretory tissue at puberty

  • has a lymphatic drainage mainly going direct to the infraclavicular lymph nodes

  • is developmentally a collection of modified sweat glands

Explicação

Questão 71 de 119

1

The blood supply of the mammary gland includes the following arteries:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • a. thoracica interna

  • a. tharacica lateralis

  • a. thoracica externa

  • a. thoracica medialis

  • aa. intercostales posteriores

Explicação

Questão 72 de 119

1

*The structures that pass through quadrangular space are:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • a. axillaris

  • n. axillaris

  • n. subscapularis

  • a. circumflexa humeri ant.

  • a. circumflexa humeri post.

Explicação

Questão 73 de 119

1

*The anterior wall of fossa axillaris comprises:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • m. pectoralis minor

  • m. pectoralis major

  • m. subclavius

  • m. serratus ant.

  • m. deltoideus

Explicação

Questão 74 de 119

1

*The medial cord of the brachial plexus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • gives a branch to the pectoralis major muscle

  • gives origin to the ulnar nerve

  • forms part of the median nerve

  • contains fibres of the fifth cervical spinal nerve

  • lies behind the axillary artery in part of its course

Explicação

Questão 75 de 119

1

*The axillary nerve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • has no cutaneous branches

  • supplies the deltoid and teres minor muscles

  • passes backwards inferior to the teres major muscle

  • contains fibres from the fifth and sixth cervical spinal nerves

  • is medial to the long head of the triceps muscle

Explicação

Questão 76 de 119

1

*The pectoralis major muscle

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is attached to the floor of the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)

  • is supplied by branches of the three cords of the brachial plexus

  • is a lateral rotator of the upper aim at the glenohumeral joint

  • is involved in flexion of the upper arm at the glenohumeral joint

  • is used in climbing a rope by means of the upper limb

Explicação

Questão 77 de 119

1

*The approximate vertebral level of

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the jugular (suprasternal) notch is the second thoracic vertebra

  • the sternal angle is the fourth thoracic vertebra

  • the xiphoid process of the sternum is the ninth thoracic vertebra

  • the lowest level of the costal (subcostal) margin is the third lumbar vertebra

  • the transpyloric plane is the first lumbar vertebra

Explicação

Questão 78 de 119

1

*The posterior cord of the brachial plexus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • contains fibres from only the seventh and eighth cervical spinal nerves

  • gives off a branch which joins the median nerve

  • is lateral to the axillary artery in the proximal part of its course

  • gives off branches which supply the subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles

  • contains fibres which supply the muscles on the back of the forearm

Explicação

Questão 79 de 119

1

*The median nerve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • arises by two roots, one from the lateral cord and the other from the medial cord of the brachial plexus

  • does not contain fibres originating in the first thoracic spinal nerve

  • lies medial to the axillary artery in the axilla

  • supplies all the fiexor muscles in the front of the forearm

  • is commonly the motor nerve to the abductor pollicis brevis muscle

Explicação

Questão 80 de 119

1

*The upper trunk of the brachial plexus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • contains fibres which supply the teres minor muscle

  • supplies muscles which abduct the upper limb at the shoulder joint

  • contains fibres which supply the skin on the proximal medial aspect of the upper limb

  • supplies some of the muscles which flex the upper limb at the shoulder joint

  • supplies muscles which produce medial rotation at the shoulder joint

Explicação

Questão 81 de 119

1

*Foramen axillare laterale contains:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • A. axillaris

  • N. axillaris

  • N. subscapularis

  • A. circumflexa humeri anterior

  • A. circumflexa humeri posterior

Explicação

Questão 82 de 119

1

Which of the following statements are true or false?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • The pleural cavity lies between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura

  • The fluid in the pleural cavity lubricates the movement of the lungs

  • During the quite breathing the lungs fill the entire pleural sac within each they lie

  • On entering the lung the two main bronchi divide repeatedly to form smaller bronchi

  • The paired lungs are soft organs of respiration that occupy entirely the thoracic cavity

Explicação

Questão 83 de 119

1

The heart

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is a powerful pump that keeps the blood circulation

  • is situated within mediastinum

  • is enclosed within the pleura

  • wall is made up of three layers

  • is only divided into two atria

Explicação

Questão 84 de 119

1

Regarding the surface projections on the chest:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • The upper border of the heart projects on the chest wall at the level of the third ribs

  • The apex of the heart projects on the chest wall at 2cm medial to the midclavicular line in 3rd intercostal space

  • Cupula pleurae projects 4cm above the first rib anteriorly

  • The deepest point of pleural cavity is the costodiaphragmatic recess

  • The lower border of the lung projects posteriorly at the level of the 12th rib

Explicação

Questão 85 de 119

1

The root of the right lung

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • lies opposite the bodies of the fifth, sixth and seventh thoracic vertebrae

  • has the vena azygos arching forwards inferior to it

  • has the phrenic nerve passing anterior to it

  • has the pulmonary ligament lying behind it

  • has the bronchus lying posterior to the pulmonary artery and vein

Explicação

Questão 86 de 119

1

The left phrenic nerve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is posterior to the thoracic duct

  • is posterior to the vagus nerve as they cross the arch of the aorta

  • has no branches in the thorax other than those supplying the diaphragm

  • does not give any branches to the right crus of the diaphragm

  • is posterior to the left brachiocephalic (innominate) vein

Explicação

Questão 87 de 119

1

The left coronary artery

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • arises from the right posterior aortic sinus

  • lies between the pulmonary trunk and left auricle

  • has no anastomosis with the right coronary artery

  • gives off an anterior interventricular branch

  • gives branches to the sinu-atrial node

Explicação

Questão 88 de 119

1

The diaphragm

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • moves vertically about 1-2 cm in quiet breathing

  • is innervated solely by the phrenic nerves

  • has a circular tendinous centre

  • forms an anatomical sphincter round the esophagus

  • has a motor nerve supply mainly from the fourth cervical segment of the spinal cord

Explicação

Questão 89 de 119

1

The right main bronchus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • has the azygos vein arching above it

  • is posterior to the ascending aorta

  • is at least 6 cm long

  • begins at the level of the third thoracic vertebra

  • is more vertical than the left main bronchus

Explicação

Questão 90 de 119

1

The right atrioventricular valve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is related to an opening about 1.5 cm in diameter

  • has anterior, posterior and septal cusps

  • has three papillary muscles

  • is attached to a muscular ring which contracts during ventricular systole

  • is formed by cusps consisting largely of endothelium and fibrous tissue

Explicação

Questão 91 de 119

1

In relation to the diaphragm

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the inferior vena cava passes through its muscular part

  • the aorta passes behind it in the midline at the level of the eighth thoracic vertebra

  • the subcostal nerve passes laterally behind the medial arcuate ligament

  • the esophagus passes through it at the level of the tenth thoracic vertebra

  • the anterior and posterior gastric nerves pass through the esophageal opening

Explicação

Questão 92 de 119

1

The left phrenic nerve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is posterior to the subclavian artery

  • is anterior to the root of the left lung

  • is usually motor to both halves of the diaphragm

  • contains a majority of sensory fibres (about two-thirds)

  • is anterolateral to the arch of the aorta

Explicação

Questão 93 de 119

1

A typical intercostal nerve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is inferior to the intercostal vessels in the costal groove

  • is the anterior primary ramus of a thoracic spinal nerve

  • has a cutaneeus distribution limited to the skin of the side and from of the trunk

  • anteriorly contains postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres

  • contains sensory fibres supplying the visceral pleura

Explicação

Questão 94 de 119

1

The left main bronchus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is longer than the right main bronchus

  • is more vertical than the right main bronchus

  • lies anterior to the left pulmonary artery

  • constricts the esophagus about 25 cm from the incisor teeth

  • contains smooth muscle innervated by branches of the vagus and sympathetic nerves

Explicação

Questão 95 de 119

1

Inside the right atrium

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the wall is ridged anteriorly and smooth posteriorly

  • the wall of the auricle is smooth

  • the opening of the superior vena cava has a valve

  • the opening of the coronary sinus has a valve

  • the fossa ovalis can be seen below the opening of the coronary sinus

Explicação

Questão 96 de 119

1

The esophagus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • commences about 25cm from the incisor teeth in the average adult

  • is constricted to some extent by the right main bronchus

  • is anterior to the thoracic aorta above the diaphragm

  • usually passes between the two crura of the diaphragm

  • has a sphincter at its lower end just below the diaphragm

Explicação

Questão 97 de 119

1

On the mediastinal surface of the left lung

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the left ventricle produces a depression in from of and below the hilum

  • there is a groove above the hilum for the vena azygos

  • the vague nerve passes anterior to the hilum

  • the main bronchus lies anterior to the pulmonary artery

  • the thoracic aorta lies behind the hilium

Explicação

Questão 98 de 119

1

The fibrous pericardium

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is firmly attached to part of the diaphragm

  • is continuous with the prevertebral cervical fascia

  • is innervated by only the vagus nerves

  • is separated from the sternum by pleura

  • is lined by epicardium

Explicação

Questão 99 de 119

1

The arch of the aorta

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • usually extends upwards as far as thejugular (suprasternal) notch

  • is crossed anteriorly and to the left by the left phrenic nerve

  • lies in front and to the left of the bifurcation of the trachea

  • has the superficial cardiac plexus on its upper convex border

  • has the recurrent laryngeal nerve passing below it to the right of the ligamentum arteriosum

Explicação

Questão 100 de 119

1

Sympathetic nerves in the thorax

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • supply the heart from the first four thoracic spinal segments

  • supply mainly postganglionic fibres to the coeliac ganglia

  • are vasodilator to the coronary arteries

  • cause constriction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi

  • give sensory fibres to the parietal pleura

Explicação

Questão 101 de 119

1

The right phrenic nerve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is formed mainly by a branch of the fourth cervical spinal nerve

  • is usually the only motor nerve of the right side of the diaphragm

  • is entirely a motor nerve

  • is lateral to the superior vena cava

  • is posterior to the suprascapular artery

Explicação

Questão 102 de 119

1

The pleura

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • has the same surface markings as the lungs

  • is wholly innervated by both the intercostal and phrenic nerves

  • does not extend into the fissures of the lung

  • extends upwards into the neck above the medial third of the clavicle

  • is grooved in its uppermost part by the subclavian artery

Explicação

Questão 103 de 119

1

The left vagus nerve

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • passes behind the root of the lung

  • enters the thorax medial to the left common carotid artery

  • is anterior to the left brachiocephalic (innominate) vein

  • is superficial to the phrenic nerve as they cross the arch of the aorta

  • in its thoracic part contains only motor nerve fibres

Explicação

Questão 104 de 119

1

The right coronary artery

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • arises from the anterior aortic sinus

  • fibres between the left auricle and the pulmonary trunk

  • supplies the right atrium

  • gives off a posterior intraventricular branch

  • takes part in the blood supply of the sinu-atrial node

Explicação

Questão 105 de 119

1

The trachea

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • usually bifurcates at the level of the intervertebral disc between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebra

  • has deep cardiac plexus anterior to its bifurcation

  • has in the neck the reccurent laryngeal nerves posterior to its lateral borders

  • contains complete rings of hyaline cartilage

  • contains complete rings of circular smooth muscle

Explicação

Questão 106 de 119

1

With the heart in its usual position in the body

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the left ventricle forms most of the anterior surface

  • the right border is formed by the right atrium

  • no part of the left atrium can be seen on its anterior aspect

  • the pulmonary artery lies anterior and to the right of the ascending aorta

  • the apex lies approximately in the fifth left intercostal space 8cm from the midline

Explicação

Questão 107 de 119

1

The oesophagus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • begins at the level of the sixth cervical vertebra

  • enters the abdomen at the level of the tenth thoracic vertebra

  • is crossed anteriorly by the thoracic duct

  • is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium

  • has an outer longitudinal coat consisting, along its whole length, of striated muscle

Explicação

Questão 108 de 119

1

Parasympathetic nerves in the thorax

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • cause contraction ofthe muscle in the lung

  • supply sensory fibres to the lung

  • are secretomotor to the oesophagus

  • cause the longitudinal muscle of the oesophagus to relax

  • supply sensory fibres to the pericardium

Explicação

Questão 109 de 119

1

The following elements are part of posterior mediastinum:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • esophagus

  • aorta thoracica

  • trachea and its bifurcation

  • phrenic nerve

  • ductus thoracicus

Explicação

Questão 110 de 119

1

The following elements are part of middle mediastinum:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • aorta ascendens

  • aortic arch

  • truncus pulmonalis

  • n. vagus

  • lower half of the superior vena cava

Explicação

Questão 111 de 119

1

The following elements are part of the root of the lung:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • a. pulmonalis

  • superior vena cava

  • vv. pulmonales

  • n. phrenicus

  • main bronchus

Explicação

Questão 112 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Match each numbered term with the most proper lettered one
A. Medial Cord (Fasciculus medialis) ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ), ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 ), ( 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 ), ( 7, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 )
B. Lateral cord (Fasciculus lateral) ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ), ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 )
C. Posterior Cord (Fasciculus posterior) ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ), ( 8, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 )

1. Musculotaneous nerve
2. Ulnar nerve
3. Radial nerve
4. Lateral root of the median nerve
5. Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
6. Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm
7. Medial root of the median nerve
8. Axillary nerve

Explicação

Questão 113 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Regarding the three parts of the axillary artery match the part and the branches
A. in trigonum clavipectoralis (first part) ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 ), ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 )
B. in trigonum pectorale (second part) ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 )
C. in trigonum subpectorale (third part) ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ), ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 ), ( 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )

1. Anterior humeral circumflex a.
2. Thoraco-acromial a.
3. lateral thoracic a.
4. Posterior humeral circumflex a.
5. Superior thoracic a.
6. Subscapular a.

Explicação

Questão 114 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

A. lnfraclavicular region ( 2, 1, 3 )
B. Mammary region ( 1, 2, 3 )
C. Axilla ( 3, 1, 2 )

1. Between 3rd and 6th ribs
2. Between clavicle and 3rd rib
3. Between ant. and post. axillary lines

Explicação

Questão 115 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Which of the following A to F is. associated with 1 to 6?
A. Beginning of brachiocephalic (innominate) vein ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 )
B. Division of trachea ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 )
C. Inferior vena cava enters thorax ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 )
D. Right atrioventricular orifice ( 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
E. Esophagus enters abdominal cavity ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 )
F. None of these ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 )

1. Level of tenth thoracic vertebra
2. Level of eight thoracic vertebra
3. Manubriosternal joint
4. Sternoclavicular joint
5 . Seventh costal cartilage
6. Fourth costal cartilage

Explicação

Questão 116 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Which of the following A to F is commonly used for the surface marking of 1 to 6?
A. Fourth right costal cartilage ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 )
8. Fifth left intercostal space ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 )
C. Body of sternum ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 )
D. Fourth left costal cartilage ( 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
E. Manubriosternal joint ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 )
F. None of these ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 )

1. Apex of heart
2. Valves of heart
3. Division of trachea
4. Horizontal (transverse) fissure of lung
5. Cardiac notch
6. Arch of aorta

Explicação

Questão 117 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Match the anatomical region on the right with the appropriate element on the left:
A. Thymus ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
B. N. Splanchnicus major ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 )
C. A. Facialis ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 )
D. Ligg. Sternopericardiaca ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 )
E. Aorta Ascendens ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 )

1. Mediastinum superius
2. Mediastinum anterius
3. Mediastinum medius
4. Mediastinum posterius
5. Trigonum submandibulare

Explicação

Questão 118 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Match the anatomical region on the left with the appropriate element on the right:
A. Superior mediastinum ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 )
B. Anterior mediastinum ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
C. Root of the lung ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 )
D. Middle mediastinum ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 )
E. Posterior mediastinum ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 )

1. Sternopericardiac ligaments
2. Left auricle
3. Esophagus
4. Pulmonary artery
5. Thymus

Explicação

Questão 119 de 119

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Match the anatomical region on the left with the most appropriate element on the right:
A. Superior mediastinum ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 )
B. Anterior mediastinum ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 )
C. Root of the lung ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
D. Middle mediastinum ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 )
E. Posterior mediastinum ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 )

1. Bronchus principalis
2. Arcus aortae
3. N. splanchnicus major
4. A. thoracica interna
5. Aorta ascendens

Explicação