During the Benedict's test for sugars, copper(II) goes to copper(I) and forms a precipitate.
Maltose is formed from 2 3 4( 2, 3, 4 ) alpha beta( alpha, beta ) glucose
Sucrose is made from:
Glucose + Glucose
Glucose + Fructose
Glucose + Galactose
Glycogen is an ❌ source for ❌. ❌ is an energy source of plants. ❌ is a structural molecule for plants.
Starch has ❌ chains and has a ❌ structure which means it is compact. You test for starch with the ❌ which uses ❌ solution. A positive result is ❌.
Which is not a function of lipids:
Waterproofing
Insulating
Structural support
Protection
Collagen is a globular protein.
Water molecules are polar.
Label this diagram of ATP
What type of enzyme inhibition is this?
In DNA, the ❌ bases are adenine and guanine, and the ❌ bases are thymine and cytosine.
DNA replicates conservatively.
Label this diagram of a DNA nucleotide.
Which stage of mitosis is this?
Label these organelles
Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions in or out of a cell from a region on concentration to a region of concentration using ATP and proteins.
Which is not a physical barrier to pathogens
Skin
Mucous membranes
White blood cells
Gut flora
Phagocytes are specific.
The ❌ Immune Response: 1) Phagocyte becomes an ❌ after it has destroyed the pathogen 2) The antigen presenting cell releases cytokines and the helper ❌ cell is activated 3) The helper T cell stimulates the production of ❌ T cells 4) Perforin is produced which cause ❌ of the cells infected with pathogens 5) Exposure to the specific antigen causes ❌ cells to be produced
❌ Immune Response: 1) The phagocyte becomes an ❌ after it destroys the pathogen 2) The antigen presenting cell stimulates the helper T cell by releasing ❌ 3) The helper T cell stimulates the differentiation of ❌ 4) Some B lymphocytes become ❌ cells which release large quantities of specific ❌ 5) Some B lymphoctes become ❌ cells
Select the statements that are true about Passive immunity
No memory cells formed
Introduction of antibodies from an outside source
Generaly long lasting
No direct contact with the pathogen required
Bodies own immune system is stimulated
Select the statements that are true about Active immunity.
Bodies own immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies
There are 2 types - natural and artificial
Antibodies come from an outside source
Long lasting immunity
Short lasting immunity
In fish, the blood and water flow in directions. This is called flow. This means a diffusion gradient is maintained all the way along the gill lamellae so almost all the oxygen diffuses out of the into the .
Label this diagram of the lungs
Which are not adaptations of the alveoli:
Thin walls
Small surface area
Red blood cells are slowed as they pass through pulmonary capillary
Fluctuating blood supply
A high affinity for oxygen in haemoglobin means that the haemoglobin takes up O2 less easily at lower partial pressures of O2.
Label this diagram of the heart.
Arteries have a ❌ muscular layer which can be constricted and dilated to control the volume of blood passing through them. They have a thick ❌ layer which helps to maintain blood pressure by stretching and ❌. The overall thickness of the artery help to prevent ❌. There are no ❌.
Veins have a ❌ muscular layer which can ❌ to control the flow of blood. They have a thin elastic layer. They have very thin walls since the pressure is ❌ and means they can be flattened easily to aid the flow of blood. There are valves throughout which ensure the blood doesn't flow ❌.
Splicing removes the introns from pre-mRNA.
The region of tRNA that is complementary to a codon on mRNA is called an .
During meiosis, the chromosome number and haploid cells are are genetically are produced.
Crossing over occurs during meiosis
Mutagenic agents increase the of mutations.
What is the amino acid sequence for this sequence of mRNA UUC AGC GCG UAA
Alanine, Serine, Alanine, Stop codon
Alanine, Arginine, Alanine, Stop codon
Leucine, Arginine, Alanine, Tyrosine
A genetic bottleneck will ❌ genetic diversity. It is an event which causes a big ❌ in the population so will reduce the number of ❌. The survivors will reprodue and the larger population is created from ❌ indiviuals.
Directional selection favours individuals with characteristics at the ❌ of the population whereas stabilising selection favours individuals in the ❌ of the range when the environment ❌ changing much.
Complete the table for the species: Ceyx azureus
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