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CNS Infections

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CNS Infections given by Dr Mooka on 11/9/2018
Matthew Coulson
Quiz por Matthew Coulson, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Matthew Coulson
Criado por Matthew Coulson mais de 5 anos atrás
30
1
0

Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Bacterial meningitis' are known as [blank_start]pyogenic[blank_end] meningitis, whereas meninigitis caused by other organisms (e.g. viruses) is known as [blank_start]aseptic[blank_end] meningitis.
Responda
  • aseptic
  • pyogenic
  • suppurative

Questão 2

Questão
Suppurative meningitis simply refers to a meningitis whereby pus is involved. Which cell type is abundant in these cases of meningitis?
Responda
  • Neutrophils
  • Basophils
  • Eosinophils

Questão 3

Questão
Which of the following bacteria are most commonly associated with meningitis? (2 answers)
Responda
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Neisseria Meningitidis (Meningococcus)
  • Staphylococcus Aureus
  • Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Questão 4

Questão
The standard treatment for a community acquired bacterial meningitis is a combination of which two drugs?
Responda
  • Ceftriaxone IV
  • Ciprofloxacin IV
  • Dexamethasone IV
  • Beclomethasone IV

Questão 5

Questão
However, if the bacterial meningitis is caused by Listeria, which drug should be given for 21 days as treatment?
Responda
  • Amoxicillin
  • Gentamicin
  • Metronidazole
  • Ceftriaxone alone

Questão 6

Questão
Which 3 investigations are routinely conducted in order to diagnose a viral meningitis?
Responda
  • CSF PCR
  • Salival PCR
  • Viral Stool Culture
  • Throat Swab
  • Blood test
  • CSF Culture

Questão 7

Questão
Encephalitis usually has a bacterial cause
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 8

Questão
The most common virus causing encephalitis is [blank_start]herpes simplex[blank_end] virus
Responda
  • herpes simplex

Questão 9

Questão
Which of the following symptoms tend to occur in encephalitis patient but not in meningitis patients? (2 answers)
Responda
  • Confusion
  • Seizures
  • Headache
  • Stiff neck

Questão 10

Questão
Migraine pain is due to [blank_start]vasodilation[blank_end] whereas headache pain is due to [blank_start]vasoconstriction[blank_end]
Responda
  • vasodilation
  • vasoconstriction
  • vasoconstriction
  • vasodilation

Questão 11

Questão
A non-blanching purpuric rash is indicative of which condition? [blank_start]Meningitis[blank_end]
Responda
  • Meningitis

Questão 12

Questão
In ages 10-21, the most common cause of community acquired bacterial meningitis is...
Responda
  • Neisseria Meningitidis
  • Streptococcus Pneumonia
  • Listeria

Questão 13

Questão
In those over 21, the most common cause of community acquired bacterial meningitis is...
Responda
  • Neisseria Meningitidis
  • Streptococcus Pneumoniae
  • Listeria

Questão 14

Questão
In children, the most common cause of community acquired bacterial meningitis is...
Responda
  • Haemophilus Influenzae
  • Streptococcus Influenzae
  • Neisseria Meningitidis
  • E.coli

Questão 15

Questão
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a normal part of the microbiota of the ...
Responda
  • Oropharynx
  • Nasopharynx
  • Laryngopharynx

Questão 16

Questão
A woman with a fractured cribriform plate subsequently develops meningitis during her time in hospital. Which organism has most likely caused her meningitis? (See explanation for why)
Responda
  • Streptococcus Pneumoniae
  • Neisseria Meningitidis
  • Listeria
  • Staphylococcus Aureus

Questão 17

Questão
Haemophilus Influenzae is a normal part of the microbiota of the ...
Responda
  • Nasal cavity
  • Large Intestine
  • Stomach
  • Throat

Questão 18

Questão
Which organism is shown in the picture?
Image:
Picture35 (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • Streptococcus Pneumoniae
  • Neisseria Meningitidis
  • Listeria
  • Staphylococcus Aureus

Questão 19

Questão
Which organism is shown in the picture?
Image:
Picture36 (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • Streptococcus Pneumoniae
  • Neisseria Meningitidis
  • Listeria
  • Staphylococcus Aureus

Questão 20

Questão
Streptococcus Pneumoniae are gram [blank_start]positive[blank_end] cocci that are arranged [blank_start]in pairs[blank_end]
Responda
  • positive
  • negative
  • in pairs
  • in threes
  • as single, unbound cocci

Questão 21

Questão
Neisseria Meningitidis are [blank_start]intracellular[blank_end] gram [blank_start]negative[blank_end] [blank_start]cocci[blank_end].
Responda
  • intracellular
  • extracellular
  • negative
  • positive
  • cocci
  • bacilli

Questão 22

Questão
A 35 year old man presents with a fever, altered consciousness and a stiff neck. What is the most likely diagnosis from the options below?
Responda
  • Meningitis
  • Encephalitis
  • Hydrocephalus

Questão 23

Questão
Haemophilus Influenzae are
Responda
  • gram negative coccobacilli
  • gram positive coccobacilli
  • gram negative cocci
  • gram positive cocci

Questão 24

Questão
Another way to differentiate bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis via the CSF is by looking at the WBC count. Pyogenic Meningitis shows a [blank_start]high WBC count[blank_end] Aseptic Meningitis shows a [blank_start]low WBC count[blank_end]
Responda
  • high WBC count
  • low WBC count

Questão 25

Questão
Bradycardia, Systolic Hypertension and irregular, decreased respirations are the three constituents of [blank_start]Cushing's[blank_end] triad
Responda
  • Cushing's

Questão 26

Questão
All adult patients with suspected meningitis (expect those with clear contraindications) should undergo which investigative procedure?
Responda
  • Lumbar Puncture
  • Stool Culture
  • Throat Swab
  • CT scan of the head

Questão 27

Questão
Give steroids to all patients with suspected [blank_start]bacterial meningitis[blank_end] before or with the first dose of antibiotics then every 6 hours for 4 days.
Responda
  • pyogenic meningitis
  • aseptic meningitis
  • encephalitis

Questão 28

Questão
All new cases of Meningitis must be reported directly to Public Health.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
The contact prophylaxis regimen for those exposed to an individual with meningitis is 500mg [blank_start]ciprofloxacin[blank_end] orally as a single dose for all adults and children over 12.
Responda
  • ciprofloxacin
  • ceftriaxone
  • co-amoxiclav

Questão 30

Questão
Typical CSF Findings: Viral Meningitis - Protein levels [blank_start]normal[blank_end], glucose level [blank_start]normal[blank_end] Bacterial Meningitis - Protein levels [blank_start]high[blank_end], glucose level [blank_start]low[blank_end]
Responda
  • normal
  • high
  • low
  • normal
  • high
  • low
  • high
  • normal
  • low
  • low
  • high
  • normal

Questão 31

Questão
The normal level of glucose in the CSF is around ...
Responda
  • 60-70% of blood glucose concentration
  • 80-90% of blood glucose concentration
  • 120-130% of blood glucose concentration
  • 140-150% of blood glucose concentration

Questão 32

Questão
In terms of CSF: High concentration of Polymorphs (Neutrophils, etc) = [blank_start]Pyogenic Meningitis[blank_end] High concentration of Lymphocytes (B & T cells) = [blank_start]Aseptic Meningitis[blank_end]
Responda
  • Pyogenic Meningitis
  • Aseptic Meningitis

Questão 33

Questão
Which of the following describes the normal range values of a CSF sample?
Responda
  • Red Blood Cells <5mm3 White Blood Cells <5mm3 Protein 150-450mg/L Glucose 60-70% of blood glucose
  • Red Blood Cells <5mm3 White Blood Cells <12mm3 Protein 150-450mg/L Glucose 60-70% of blood glucose
  • Red Blood Cells <5mm3 White Blood Cells <12mm3 Protein 250-500mg/L Glucose 60-70% of blood glucose
  • Red Blood Cells <15mm3 White Blood Cells <5mm3 Protein 150-450mg/L Glucose 120-130% of blood glucose
  • Red Blood Cells <15mm3 White Blood Cells <5mm3 Protein 250-500mg/L Glucose 60-70% of blood glucose

Questão 34

Questão
The most common cause of viral meningitis is [blank_start]enteroviruses[blank_end] and this typically affects children. [blank_start]Herpes simplex virus[blank_end] on the other hand is less common and typically causes viral meningitis in adolescents and adults.
Responda
  • enteroviruses
  • herpes simplex virus
  • Herpes simplex virus
  • Enteroviruses

Questão 35

Questão
[blank_start]Herpes Simplex Virus[blank_end] is the most common cause of Encephalitis and has an overall [blank_start]worse[blank_end] prognosis than viral meningitis
Responda
  • Herpes Simplex Virus
  • Enteroviruses
  • worse
  • better

Questão 36

Questão
The occurrence of which type of meningitis is an indication for HIV testing of a patient?
Responda
  • Pyogenic Meningitis
  • Aseptic Meningitis

Questão 37

Questão
Typically, viral meningitis has to be treated conservatively due to lack of treatment options for most of the causative organisms. Despite this however, viral meningitis caused by which virus can be treated by antivirals?
Responda
  • Herpes Simplex Virus
  • Enteroviruses
  • Epstein Barr Virus

Questão 38

Questão
Name the antiviral typically given to patients suffering from Herpes Simplex Virus Meningitis. [blank_start]Aciclovir[blank_end]
Responda
  • Aciclovir

Questão 39

Questão
After draining any pus, the treatment of a brain abscess should be via which two of the following medications?
Responda
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Metronidazole
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Dexamethasone
  • Gentamicin
  • Amoxicillin

Questão 40

Questão
Fungal meningitis typically concerns which organism?
Responda
  • Cryptococcus Grattii
  • Cryptococcus Neoformans
  • Cryptococcus Albicans
  • Cryptococcus Tremellaceae

Questão 41

Questão
Cryptococcus Meningitis typically occurs in patients with ...
Responda
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Crohn's Disease
  • Addison's Disease
  • Cushing's Disease
  • Wilson's Disease
  • Ulcerative Colitis

Questão 42

Questão
Treatment of Viral Meningitis by causative organism: Human Enterovirus: [blank_start]Supportive Treatment Only[blank_end] Herpes Simplex/Zoster: [blank_start]Aciclovir[blank_end] Cytomegalovirus: [blank_start]Ganciclovir[blank_end]
Responda
  • Supportive Treatment Only
  • Aciclovir
  • Ganciclovir
  • Aciclovir
  • Supportive Treatment Only
  • Ganciclovir
  • Ganciclovir
  • Supportive Treatment Only
  • Aciclovir

Questão 43

Questão
If there is a delay in getting a patient with suspected bacterial meningitis to hospital, it is routine practice to give emergency treatment in the form of intramuscular Benzylpenicillin or Ceftriaxone
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 44

Questão
Whilst the CSF is being checked for the causative organism of the Meningitis, empirical treatment should be given in the form of which two drugs?
Responda
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Vancomycin
  • Amoxicillin
  • Gentamicin
  • Metronidazole
  • Ciprofloxacin

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