15526797
Descrição
Quiz por Hayden Worwood, atualizado more than 1 year ago
|
Criado por Hayden Worwood
mais de 5 anos atrás
|
|
Questão 1
Questão
A 5-year-old child in supraventricular tachycardia has adequate pulses with the rhythm. Supplemental oxygen is in place and vital signs are stable except for the elevated heart rate. The most appropriate next intervention for this child is
Responda
-
Unsynchronized cardioversion
-
Vagal maneuvers
-
Synchronized cardioversion
-
Amiodarone
Questão 2
Questão
A child has an advanced airway in place during cardiac arrest. How frequently should ventilations be given?
Responda
-
Every 3 Seconds
-
Every 6 Seconds
-
Every 10 Seconds
-
Every 12 Seconds
Questão 3
Questão
You are using a bag-valve mask to resuscitate an infant, while another rescuer is performing chest compressions. What is the correct ratio of chest compressions to ventilations?
Responda
-
30 Chest compressions to 2 ventilations
-
15 Chest compressions to 2 ventilations
-
30 Ventilations to 2 chest compressions
-
15 ventilations to 2 chest compressions
Questão 4
Questão
You are alone performing infant CPR. What is the correct ratio of chest compressions to ventilations?
Responda
-
30 chest compressions to 2 ventilations
-
15 chest compressions to 2 ventilations
-
30 ventilations to 2 chest compressions
-
15 ventilations to 2 chest compressions
Questão 5
Questão
A 7 month old appears to be unconscious and not breathing. You check for a pulse at the ________ artery.
Responda
-
Brachial
-
Femoral
-
Carotid
-
Coronary
Questão 6
Questão
A clear sign of upper airway obstruction is:
Responda
-
Decreased inspiratory effort
-
Breath sounds in all lung fields
-
Crying
-
A “whistling” sound during breathing
Questão 7
Questão
In children, which of the following is the most common form of arrest?
Responda
-
Respiratory arrest
-
Ventricular fibrillation – cardiac arrest
-
Ventricular tachycardia – cardiac arrest
-
PEA – cardiac arrest
Questão 8
Questão
In small children, a rescue breath should be given:
Responda
-
As quickly as possible
-
As slowly as possible
-
Over one second
-
Over three seconds
Questão 9
Questão
What is the normal range of heart rates for an 8-year-old child?
Responda
-
80-205 per minute
-
75-190 per minute
-
60-140 per minute
-
50-100 per minute
Questão 10
Questão
The child you are caring for is very pale. You know that this pallor can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:
Responda
-
Anemia
-
Heat
-
Shock
-
Albinism
Questão 11
Questão
Clinical signs of respiratory distress may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Responda
-
Rapid respiratory rate
-
Grunting respirations
-
Warm, pink skin
-
Diminished level of consciousness
Questão 12
Questão
Late and ominous signs of respiratory failure include all of the following EXCEPT:
Responda
-
Rapid respiratory rate
-
Cyanosis
-
Bradycardia
-
Diminished level of consciousness
Questão 13
Questão
The 8-year-old child you are treating has a palpable pulse and a heart rate of 200. You look at the monitor and see a rapid rhythm with narrow QRS complexes. There are no discernible P waves on the monitor. The rhythm is probably:
Responda
-
Sinus tachycardia
-
Supraventricular tachycardia
-
Sinus rhythm
-
Ventricular tachycardia
Questão 14
Questão
You are doing CPR on a child with symptomatic bradycardia. An intravenous line is in place. What is the first drug of choice for the patient?
Responda
-
Atropine
-
Epinepherine
-
Sodium Bicarbonate
-
Dopamine
Questão 15
Questão
High-quality CPR for young children includes:
Responda
-
Compress to a depth of at least one third of the child's chest diameter
-
Compress at a rate between 100 and 120 compressions per minute
-
Minimize interruptions to chest compressions
-
All of the above
Questão 16
Questão
You are the team leader on a team resuscitating a child without a pulse or respirations. When you look at the monitor, you see a disorganized rhythm with chaotic electrical activity. This rhythm is most likely:
Responda
-
Asystole
-
PEA
-
Ventricular fibrillation
-
Ventricular tachycardia
Questão 17
Questão
The goal of the PALS team in the treatment of shock is to:
Responda
-
Improve oxygen delivery
-
Prevent organ injury
-
Stop the progression to cardiopulmonary failure
-
All of the above
Questão 18
Questão
When evaluating a child's bradycardia, it is important to consider the child's:
Responda
-
Baseline rate
-
Level of activity
-
Clinical condition
-
All of the above
Questão 19
Questão
For asystole, the team should do CPR until IV or IO access is achieved. The drug of choice for asystole is:
Responda
-
Amiodarone
-
Epinephrine
-
Lidocaine
-
Atropine
Questão 20
Questão
In school age children and infants, the two most common initial rhythms seen in pediatric cardiac arrest are:
Responda
-
Asystole and PEA
-
Asystole and VF
-
PEA and VF
-
Pulseless VT and VF
Questão 21
Questão
What is not a typical sign of respiratory distress?
Responda
-
tachypnea
-
fever
-
nasal flaring
-
tachycardia
Questão 22
Questão
What is the most common form of infectious pneumonia which often causes empyema?
Responda
-
streptococcus pneumoniae
-
mycoplasma pneumoniae
-
chlamydia pneumoniae
-
staphylococcus pneumoniae
Questão 23
Questão
Children with increased ICP typically will present with all the following except which?
Mark one answer:
Responda
-
irregular breathing
-
bradycardia
-
tachycardia
-
hypertension
Questão 24
Questão
Shock occurs with which level of blood pressure?
Responda
-
decreased
-
increased
-
normal
-
all the above
Questão 25
Questão
The recommended priority of treatment of ischemic hypoxia is what?
Responda
-
oxygen administration
-
increase cardiac output
-
restore hemoglobin concentration
-
none of the above
Questão 26
Questão
Myocordial dysfunction impairs cardiac output and strock volume which can typically lead to which shock?
Responda
-
cardiogenic shock
-
septic shock
-
anaphylactic shock
-
neurogenic shock
Questão 27
Questão
What should be the first priority when assisting a critically ill or injured child in shock?
Responda
-
oxygen administration
-
monitoring
-
positioning
-
fluid resuscitation
Questão 28
Questão
Which is not a common assessment when determining the effectiveness of fluid resuscitation?
Responda
-
central venous catheter
-
aterial catheter
-
pulmonary artery catheter
-
none of the above
Questão 29
Questão
Which is not a common assessment when determining the effectiveness of fluid resuscitation?
Mark one answer:
Responda
-
temperature
-
heart rate
-
skin coloration
-
urine output
Questão 30
Questão
To treat cold shock, _____________ is preferred.
Responda
-
dopamine
-
norepinephrine
-
epinephrine
-
dobutamine
Questão 31
Questão
For cardiogenic shock, you should deliver a fluid challenge (5 to 10 mL/kg bolus) over what length of time?
Responda
-
1-5 minutes
-
5-10 minutes
-
10-20 minutes
-
under 3 minutes
Questão 32
Questão
______________ is described as an accumulation of pressurized air in the pleural space.
Responda
-
tension pneumothorax
-
cardiac tamponade
-
massive pulmonary embolism
-
none of the above
Questão 33
Questão
In a case of sinus tachycardia, the heart rate is ___________.
Responda
-
increased
-
decreased
-
unsteady
-
faint
Questão 34
Questão
Ventricular tachycardia is common in children.
Responda
-
true
-
false
Questão 35
Questão
What is the first sign of the body's defensive response when a child or infant is in shock?
Responda
-
body temperature drop
-
body temperature rise
-
heart rate increase
-
heart rate decrease
Questão 36
Questão
Each attempt for catheter insertion and suctioning of an infant should not surpass:
Responda
-
3 seconds
-
5 seconds
-
7 seconds
-
10 seconds
Questão 37
Questão
The first warning sign of respiratory dysfunction is:
Responda
-
decrease of heart rate
-
increase in blood pressure
-
increase in respiratory rate
-
decrease in body temperature
Questão 38
Questão
During resuscitation of a newborn infant, the blow-by oxygen rate of flow should always be more than:
Responda
-
2 L/min.
-
5 L/min.
-
6 L/min.
-
8 L/min.
Questão 39
Questão
What age period is croup most common to occur?
Responda
-
3 - 5 years
-
6 months - 3 years
-
4 - 7 years
-
1 month - 12 months
Questão 40
Questão
What is the recommended first energy level used for defibrillation?
Responda
-
0.3 joules/kg.
-
1.5 joules/kg.
-
2.0 joules/kg.
-
2.5 joules/kg.
Questão 41
Questão
A patient has a "do not resuscitate" order. Which action is least appropriate?
Responda
-
Endotracheal intubation
-
Nasogastric tube feedings
-
Intravenous line insertion
-
Oxygen by face mask
Questão 42
Questão
What agent is added to increase the half-life of imipenem?
Responda
-
Cilastatin
-
Probenecid
-
Allopurinol
-
Sodium bicarbonate
Questão 43
Questão
Which would be considered a normal serum potassium?
Responda
-
2 mEq per L
-
4 mEq per L
-
6 mEq per L
-
8 mEq per L
Questão 44
Questão
The proximal aorta is derived from which structure?
Responda
-
First aortic arch
-
Truncus arteriosus
-
Second brachial pouch
-
Sinus venosus
Questão 45
Questão
Select the medication that is contraindicated in cocaine associated myocardial infarction.
Responda
-
Benzodiazepines
-
Verapamil
-
Beta blockers
-
Nifedipine
Questão 46
Questão
Which physical finding is most indicative of a pleural effusion?
Responda
-
Decreased apical breath sounds
-
Decreased vesicular sounds
-
Increased adventitious sounds
-
Barrel chest
Questão 47
Questão
Which is false about the treatment of septic shock?
Responda
-
Adrenaline can be used to raise blood pressure
-
Noradrenaline can be used to raise blood pressure
-
Isoproterenol can be used to raise blood pressure
-
Dopamine can be used to raise blood pressure
Questão 48
Questão
What is the best position for a hospitalized patient experiencing difficulty breathing?
Responda
-
Lithotomy
-
Trendelenburg
-
Reverse Trendelenburg
-
High Fowler's
Questão 49
Questão
What is required for the diagnosis of repiratory failure?
Responda
-
PAO2<80mmHg
-
Patient is unable to breathe without Ventimask of 80% O2
-
Patient has cyanotic extremities
-
PACO2>50mmHg or PAO2<60mmHg
Questão 50
Questão
What does a carotid pulse indicate?
Responda
-
A functioning pump for blood flow
-
The circulating blood volume is reaching end organs
-
Diastolic blood pressure
-
None of the above
Questão 51
Questão
In addition to intravenous fluid, what is considered the mainstay of treatment for anaphylaxis?
Responda
-
Diphenhydramine
-
Prednisone
-
Propanolol
-
Epinephrine
Questão 52
Questão
During CPR, the highest amount of blood flow is observed which technique?
Responda
-
High impulse CPR at 80 compressions per min
-
High impulse CPR at 60 compressions per min
-
High impulse CPR at 100-120 compressions per min
-
High impulse CPR at 150 compressions per
Questão 53
Questão
The right neck vein is preferred for central line over the left because of what structure?
Mark one answer:
Responda
-
Subclavian
-
Lung apex
-
Thoracic duct
-
Heart
Questão 54
Questão
What is a normal finding after successful endotracheal intubation?
Responda
-
Bilateral chest wall expansion
-
Right side only breath sounds
-
Abdominal movement with ventilation
-
None of the above
Questão 55
Questão
What ECG wave represents the depolarization of atrium?
Responda
-
P wave
-
QRS complex
-
T wave
-
Q wave
Questão 56
Questão
To relive a right tension pneumothorax, where should the needle should be placed?
Responda
-
4th intercostal space left of the mediastinum
-
2nd intercostal space left of the mediastinum
-
4th intercostal space right of the mediastinum
-
2nd intercostal space right of the mediastinum
Questão 57
Questão
Which is not a typical sign of cardiogenic shock?
Responda
-
Hypotension
-
Polyuria
-
Tachycardia
-
Confusion
Questão 58
Questão
A chest tube will drain an effusion when the lumen is properly placed in which space?
Responda
-
Intra-alveolar
-
Pericardial
-
Pleural
-
Intercostal
Questão 59
Questão
Why does the ACLS protocol recommend epinephrine?
Responda
-
Increases muscular blood flow
-
Dilates the bronchioles
-
Enhances myocardial contractility
-
Raises the systolic blood pressure
Questão 60
Questão
Cardioversion delivery is syschronized with:
Responda
-
P wave
-
R wave
-
S wave
-
T wave
Questão 61
Questão
The most common rhythm identified in "cardiac arrest" is which of the following?
Responda
-
Torsade de point
-
Ventricula tachycardia
-
Asytole
-
Ventricular fibrillation
Questão 62
Questão
Which of the following statements is false about the airway in children?
Responda
-
Children are less reliant on the diaphragm for breathing
-
As the child grows, the subglottic narrowing widens with time
-
Cricothyrotomy should never be done in small children
-
The size of the endotracheal tube for a child is usually the same size as the child's 5th finger
Questão 63
Questão
What is the best first step in patient with angina and ST ECG changes?
Responda
-
Cardiac enzyme
-
Aspirin
-
IV fluid
-
Morphine
Questão 64
Questão
A patient presents to the emergency department and has hives, hypotension and wheezing on initial exam. What is the first step?
Responda
-
Administration of nebulized albuterol
-
Administration of cimetidine
-
Immediate Administration of intramuscular (IM) epinephrine
-
Administration of aspirin
Questão 65
Questão
Which of the following is the superior marker for myocardial injury?
Responda
-
LDH
-
CPK
-
AST
-
Troponin
Questão 66
Questão
Which of the following is not used to ensure correct placement of an endotracheal tube?
Responda
-
Ultrasound
-
Bilateral breath sounds
-
Sustained end-tidal CO2
-
Sustained end-tidal O2
Questão 67
Questão
During the resuscitation of your bradycardic patient, the code team requests an epinephrine infusion of 2 mcg/min. In the crash cart you find a 1 mL vial of a 1:1000 epinephrine solution and a 500 mL bag of normal saline. Which is correct?
Responda
-
Mix 1 vial in the 500 mL bag and infuse at 6 mL per hour
-
Mix 0.5 mL of the epinephrine in the bag and infuse at 6 mL per hour
-
Mix the 1 mL vial in the 500 mL normal saline and infuse at 60 mL per hour
-
Question the request because this is an excessive amount of medication
Questão 68
Questão
In the femoral triangle, the order of the neurovascular bundles, from LATERAL TO MEDIAL, runs in what sequence?
Responda
-
Nerve, artery, vein
-
Nerve, vein, artery
-
Vein, artery, nerve
-
Vein, nerve, artery
Questão 69
Questão
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is best treated by which of the following?
Responda
-
Adenosine
-
Beta blockers
-
Calcium channel blockers
-
Digoxin
Questão 70
Questão
What is the estimated time a person's brain can be anoxic from cardiopulmonary failure and not develop permanent brain damage?
Responda
-
10 minutes
-
5 minutes
-
2 minutes
-
20 minutes
Questão 71
Questão
The phrenic nerve innervates which of the following?
Responda
-
Diaphragm
-
Heart
-
Stomach
-
Small intestine
Questão 72
Questão
-A 2-year-old child presents with severe hypotension. Peripheral IV access could not be obtained. Which of the following is the best alternative for administering IV fluids in such situations?
Responda
-
Venous cut down
-
Central line
-
Intraosseous
-
Intrathecal
Questão 73
Questão
Which of the following conditions is a common side effect of adenosine?
Responda
-
Tremors
-
Sympathetic over activity
-
Facial flushing
-
GI intolerance
Questão 74
Questão
A patient collapses, a cardiac monitor is placed, and the rhythm is determined to be ventricular fibrillation. Despite three defibrillation shocks, intravenous epinephrine, and further attempt at defibrillation, there is no change. The patient is unconscious. What is most appropriate for the next step in this patient's management?
Responda
-
Another attempt at defibrillation
-
Administer lidocaine
-
Administer amiodarone
-
Administer procainamide
Questão 75
Questão
How is the bradycardia caused by acetylcholine treated?
Responda
-
Epinephrine
-
Pacemaker
-
Atropine
-
Isoprenaline
Questão 76
Questão
What is the drug of choice for supraventricular tachycardia?
Responda
-
Metoprolol
-
Digoxin
-
Lidocaine
-
Adenosine
Questão 77
Questão
Performing CPR with chest compressions over the xiphoid process may result in laceration of which of the following organs?
Responda
-
Small bowel
-
Stomach
-
Lung
-
Liver
Questão 78
Questão
An adult patient is observed to have premature ventricular contractions every other beat on a monitor. What is the next best step for this patient?
Responda
-
Assess the vital signs and mental status
-
Call the physician immediately
-
Apply transcutaneous pacing pads and then call the physician
-
Call a code blue
Questão 79
Questão
What protective measure should be undertaken when performing tracheal suctioning on a patient requiring ventilation?
Responda
-
Face mask
-
Gloves
-
Eye protection
-
All of the above
Questão 80
Questão
What is the drug of choice for the treatment of ventricular dysrhythmias?
Responda
-
Metoprolol
-
Digoxin
-
Lidocaine
-
Adenosine
Questão 81
Questão
Which of the following is a first-line agent for rate control in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF)?
Responda
-
Beta-blockers
-
Amiodarone
-
Digoxin
-
Warfarin
Questão 82
Questão
Which is a not a sign of tension pneumothorax?
Responda
-
Decreased breath sounds
-
Tracheall deviation
-
Decreased compliance
-
Audible bronchial sounds
Questão 83
Questão
Which of the following statements regarding shock is correct?
Responda
-
The body cannot metabolize glucose
-
The body is in a state of multi-system organ failure
-
The body cannot perfuse tissues properly
-
The body is resistant to antibiotics
Questão 84
Questão
What is the proper way to deliver a breath?
Responda
-
Blow as hard and as fast as possible
-
Give over one second
-
Apply cricoid pressure first
-
Deliver during compressions
Questão 85
Questão
You are having difficulty using a bag-mask device. Which are potential causes for your difficulties?
Responda
-
The mask is too large
-
Pushing mask onto victim’s face
-
Improper seal
-
All the above
Questão 86
Questão
You are using an AED and the device indicates that a SHOCK is advised. What is the very last step before pressing the SHOCK button?
Responda
-
Give two breaths
-
Check connections
-
Clear the victim
-
Check pulse
Questão 87
Questão
What is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children?
Responda
-
Respiratory difficulties
-
Drug use
-
Congenital heart disease
-
Sepsis
Questão 88
Questão
Child CPR may be given using a one or two-handed technique?
Responda
-
True
-
False
Questão 89
Questão
A seven-year-old accidentally ingests grandma’s pain medication. What drug can you use to reverse the sedation?
Responda
-
Atropine
-
Naloxone
-
Epinephrine
-
Glucose
Questão 90
Questão
You are treating hypoglycemia in a three-week-old. What concentration of IV fluids is recommended?
Responda
-
D5
-
D10
-
D25
-
D50
Questão 91
Questão
Which of the following are potential causes of respiratory arrest?
Responda
-
Ingestion
-
Head trauma
-
Choking
-
All of the above
Questão 92
Questão
You are performing High-Quality CPR in a cardiac arrest case. The AED indicates a shock is advised. After delivering the shock, what is the next immediate step?
Responda
-
CPR
-
Check pulse
-
Administer epinephrine
-
Pacing
Questão 93
Questão
What is the simplest way to open the airway in an unconcious patient?
Responda
-
Pull out the tongue
-
Tilt head and lift chin
-
Lift neck from behind
-
Jaw thrust
Questão 94
Questão
What is the most likely place for an over advanced endotracheal (ET) tube to enter?
Responda
-
Stomach
-
Right mainstem bronchus
-
Soft palate
-
Left mainstem bronchus
Questão 95
Questão
Which condition can have hyperresonance on percussion?
Responda
-
Pleuritis
-
Bronchitis
-
Pneumothorax
-
ARDS
Questão 96
Questão
What should be the initial temporizing measure in a patient with hypotension following the onset of 3rd degree heart block?
Responda
-
Transcutaneous pacing
-
Electric cardioversion
-
Amiodarone loading and then electric cardioversion
-
Stat placement of a permanent pacemaker
Questão 97
Questão
The first heart sound, 'lub', is produced by closure of which of the following valves?
Responda
-
Aortic and mitral
-
Pulmonary and tricuspid
-
Mitral and tricuspid
-
Tricuspid and mitral
Questão 98
Questão
Which of the following rhythms carries the worst long-term prognosis for survival?
Responda
-
Asystole
-
Atrial flutter
-
Ventricular fibrillation
-
Pulseless electrical activity
Questão 99
Questão
At what point should tracheal suctioning be performed?
Responda
-
Withdrawal of the catheter
-
Insertion of the catheter
-
Upon insertion and withdrawal of the catheter
-
None of the above
Questão 100
Questão
Which of the following is a lethal heart rhythm?
Responda
-
Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
-
Asymptomatic supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
-
Atrial fibrillation (AF)
-
First degree heart block
Questão 101
Questão
Which of the following is the least preferred method of administering IV fluids?
Responda
-
Cubital veins
-
Cephalic veins
-
Subclavian veins
-
Saphenous vein
Questão 102
Questão
The trachea deviates with tension pneumothorax to the:
Responda
-
Affected side
-
Unaffected side
-
Anteriorly
-
Posteriorly
Questão 103
Questão
In a neonate, what is the proper method of performing chest compressions for two rescuers?
Responda
-
Two hands
-
One hand
-
Two thumb-encircling hands chest compression
-
Two fingers.
Questão 104
Questão
On ECG, no conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node is considered:
Responda
-
First-degree AV block
-
Second-degree AV block
-
Third-degree AV block
-
None of the above
Questão 105
Questão
Which ECG change is associated with hyperkalemia?
Responda
-
U wave
-
Peaked T wave
-
Long PR interval
-
Absent P wave
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