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Youth in Conflict with the Law - Final Exam Review

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Quiz sobre Youth in Conflict with the Law - Final Exam Review, criado por jessedyo em 29-11-2014.
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Quiz por jessedyo, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por jessedyo mais de 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
In adult court, it is professionals who present the two sides of the case, but in youth justice court, there are no professionals.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 2

Questão
When a parent or another responsible person is present, it is not necessary to remind a young person of right to counsel; having said it once is enough.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 3

Questão
A young person who is brought into a police station for a breathalyser test has a right to consult counsel before the test can be given.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 4

Questão
When the case of a young person gets to court, there is no longer a role for the police.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 5

Questão
Defence Counsel must be mindful that their job includes representing
Responda
  • The criminal justice system
  • The society
  • The young person who is their client
  • Two of the above

Questão 6

Questão
Under the rule of “one lawyer per family”, young persons are represented by
Responda
  • The lawyer who represents the parents
  • A lawyer of their parents choosing
  • Both of the above
  • None, this rule does not exist.

Questão 7

Questão
In youth justice court, the role of the Crown Prosecutor is
Responda
  • Focused on the needs of the young person because of the YCJA
  • Very different from what it is in adult court
  • Not much different from what it is in adult court
  • Two of the above

Questão 8

Questão
Which of the following is not a responsibility of the judge in youth justice court?
Responda
  • Ensuring that defense counsel has made full disclosure to the Crown
  • Resolving disputes over the admissibility of evidence
  • Determining that proper procedure was followed in laying the charges
  • Determining guilt or innocence

Questão 9

Questão
It is for any of the most serious offences that a young person can elect to have trial by jury in youth court.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 10

Questão
Trial by jury is a right of all Canadians as long as the charge against them involves a violation of the Criminal Code of Canada
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 11

Questão
Typically, the youth justice court is held in private without any member of the public allowed to be present
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 12

Questão
In the youth justice court, a young person may elect to have a trial by jury
Responda
  • For any serious offence
  • Only when both parents consent
  • For 1st or 2nd degree murder if the Crown is seeking a youth sentence
  • None of the above

Questão 13

Questão
Young persons must personally appear before the youth justice court
Responda
  • Only if their lawyer is not present
  • For all charges
  • Only for charges of serious offences
  • Only for charges of presumptive offences

Questão 14

Questão
In the youth justice court, judges may consider the protection of the privacy of all but which of the following?
Responda
  • The young person who is charged
  • victims
  • The police
  • witnesses

Questão 15

Questão
The YCJA seeks to reserve court proceedings for
Responda
  • Young persons who are second-time offenders
  • More serious cases
  • Young persons who have already received two or more warnings
  • Two of the above

Questão 16

Questão
In the youth justice court, the standard for a finding of guilt is
Responda
  • The guilt is “beyond a reasonable doubt”
  • The guilt is “on the balance of probabilities”
  • There is no formal finding of guilt
  • The standard changes with the merits of each case

Questão 17

Questão
Pre-sentence reports are usually prepared by the police officer who made the arrest
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 18

Questão
Once a young person receives an absolute discharge, that discharge cannot be admitted again in court.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 19

Questão
The purpose of a youth sentence is to appropriately punish the young person for the harm done
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 20

Questão
A youth justice court judge may require a young person to perform up to 240 hours of community service.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 21

Questão
Community service orders are reserved for those 16 and 17 years old and never used for those 14 and 15 years old.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 22

Questão
Which of the following is not a concern of the YCJA when it comes to sentencing?
Responda
  • Protection of society
  • Holding young person accountable for their behaviour
  • The mental and emotional health of the young person
  • Ensuring that young people show respect for the judge and officers of the court

Questão 23

Questão
Which of the following is not likely to be found in a pre-sentence report?
Responda
  • Plans the young person might have about the future
  • Information on the young person’s age and attitude
  • Results of interviews with the young person
  • Results of interviews with the accomplices of the young person

Questão 24

Questão
There is no reason to believe that pre-sentence assessments are found to be useful by
Responda
  • Young persons
  • judges
  • Crown prosecutors
  • Defence council

Questão 25

Questão
Which of the following may not be used as a condition of probation?
Responda
  • Try to obtain employment
  • Repair relationship with parents
  • Report to a probation officer
  • Attend school

Questão 26

Questão
Which of the following conditions is not permitted in a probation order?
Responda
  • Must remain in a specific city
  • Must reside in a specific location
  • Must try to obtain employment
  • All of the above are permitted

Questão 27

Questão
“Least degree of restraint” when applied to a custodial facility means that the residents are allowed to come and go as they please, but only during the day
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 28

Questão
A facility with a “higher degree of restraint” means that the extent of restraint or control is greater than in a facility with a “lower degree of restraint”
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
In contrast to the United States, the practice in Canada is to have indeterminate sentences
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 30

Questão
When a custodial sentence is given, the following is to be taken into account: The highest level of restraint possible
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 31

Questão
When a custodial sentence is given, the following is to be taken into account: The safety of the young person
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 32

Questão
Which of the following is least consistent with a facility in a higher degree of restraint?
Responda
  • classrooms
  • community reintegration
  • segregation cells
  • “lock down”

Questão 33

Questão
If a young person turns 18 years while serving a term of custody
Responda
  • The term of custody is automatically extended so that custody will last for at least 12 additional months.
  • The offender is automatically transferred to a correctional facility for adults
  • The term of custody ends
  • The term continues

Questão 34

Questão
Changes to a young person’s custody can be made by
Responda
  • Correctional officials
  • The youth justice court
  • The provincial director
  • The Crown prosecutor

Questão 35

Questão
Young persons who do not return once their re-integrative leave has been revoked may be
Responda
  • Arrested and subjected to treatment
  • Arrested only with a warrant and returned to custody
  • Arrested without a warrant and returned to custody
  • Arrested without a warrant and returned to their parent’s house

Questão 36

Questão
Conditional supervision orders allow young persons to
Responda
  • Serve the remainder of their custodial sentence with almost no conditions imposed on them, except for staying out of trouble.
  • Hold a job or go to school while living in a secure custody facility
  • Serve sentences to secure custody in open custody
  • Serve the remainder of their sentence in the community

Questão 37

Questão
Identify 4 Purposes of Re-Integrative Leave
Responda
  • Medical
  • Compassionate or humanitarian
  • Rehabilitation
  • Go out of town on a vacation
  • Reintegration into the community

Questão 38

Questão
The distinction between phase I and phase II offenders is based on the seriousness of the offence
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 39

Questão
Facilities that provide custody of young persons in conflict with the law in Ontario are all privately operated
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 40

Questão
All facilities are required to have the same treatment services
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 41

Questão
Which of the following is not consistent with the “strict discipline” approach to custody for young offenders?
Responda
  • education
  • Extend periods of leisure time to teach the need for structure
  • Earned privileges
  • Respect for self and others

Questão 42

Questão
The only objective of the criminal justice system is to find innocent people not guilty
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 43

Questão
Restraint has the goal of protecting the community from further harm.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 44

Questão
Retribution is balanced.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 45

Questão
General deterrence depends on the vicarious experience of punishment
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 46

Questão
Even laws that are difficult to enforce can play a role in expressing where we stand, as a society, with respect to certain behaviours.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 47

Questão
Capital punishment is the ultimate form of
Responda
  • Restraint
  • Retribution
  • General deterrence
  • Rehabilitation

Questão 48

Questão
One argument for retaining laws that are difficult to enforce is that they are
Responda
  • A form of restitution
  • A specific deterrent
  • Symbolic
  • No such argument can be made for this situation

Questão 49

Questão
Primarily, restitution involves the notion of
Responda
  • Putting the case to "rest"
  • Making the victim whole again
  • Allowing the victim to be involved in the punishment of the offender
  • Returning cash and property to the victim

Questão 50

Questão
The Youth Criminal Justice Act is focused primarily on
Responda
  • Making the young person function effectively in society
  • Compensating the victim
  • Punishment of the young person
  • Achieving balance between the offender and the victim

Questão 51

Questão
Restraint is
Responda
  • A primary goal of the YCJA
  • Not a major focus of the YCJA
  • The underlying principle of restorative justice
  • A concept used to limit how much a victim is compensated

Questão 52

Questão
In victim impact statements victims get to tell the court the nature and length of punishment that the offender deserves
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 53

Questão
Typically in youth conferencing circles the community is represented
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 54

Questão
The notion of restorative justice was largely unknown until the YCJA came into effect.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 55

Questão
Restorative justice programs even exist in large cities.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 56

Questão
The police can refer a young person to a restorative justice program.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 57

Questão
The manner in which restorative justice is to be implemented is
Responda
  • Clearly identified in the Criminal Code of Canada
  • Clearly identified in the CFSA
  • Clearly identified in the YCJA
  • Left up to each provincial jurisdiction to determine

Questão 58

Questão
Restorative justice is intended to
Responda
  • Expand options that are consistent with the criminal justice system
  • Compensate the victim
  • Act as a form of general deterrence
  • Punish the young offender

Questão 59

Questão
For restorative justice to be effective, the offender must
Responda
  • Be ready to admit guilt for the act
  • Acknowledge the extent to which the victim suffered
  • Be prepared to accept responsibility for the consequences of the act
  • All of the above

Questão 60

Questão
Restorative justice programs appear to be most effective in
Responda
  • Communities with large proportions of young people
  • Aboriginal and first nations communities only
  • Smaller, homogeneous communities
  • Large, homogeneous communities

Questão 61

Questão
Restorative justice programs
Responda
  • Usually initiated by victims wishing to receive compensation
  • Have been shown to be the most effective means of rehabilitating young people
  • Are the most cost effective way of compensating victims and making them "whole" again
  • Seem like a good idea but with some questions as to their overall effectiveness

Questão 62

Questão
Most adult criminals start their careers as young offenders
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 63

Questão
Most young persons do not become adult criminals
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 64

Questão
Once a young persons in conflict with the law come into contact with the authorities they are bound to be chronic offenders
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 65

Questão
Among young people, positive attitudes toward the police tend to decrease over time
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 66

Questão
An attitude is an emotional predisposition
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 67

Questão
Which of the following is true about the attitude of young people toward the police?
Responda
  • Attitudes are little affected by personal experience
  • Attitudes are remarkably stable over time
  • Attitudes are more positive as young people move through adolescence
  • Attitudes are more positive among younger kids

Questão 68

Questão
Which of the following is related to young people's attitude toward the police?
Responda
  • Self-reported law-violating behaviour
  • Having been arrested
  • Self-definition as a delinquent
  • All of the above

Questão 69

Questão
Which of the following is related to young people's attitude toward the police?
Responda
  • Having been arrested
  • Self-reported law-violating behaviour
  • Self-definition as a delinquent
  • All of the above

Questão 70

Questão
Which of the following types of contact with the police is least likely to generate a positive image of the police?
Responda
  • Being arrested
  • Making a 911 call
  • Reporting a robbery
  • Asking the police for directions

Questão 71

Questão
Which of the following appear to play some role in determining people's attitude toward the police
Responda
  • Age
  • Culture
  • Experience
  • All of the above

Questão 72

Questão
The best advice for a police officer is to not talk to young people they encounter, unless they have something official to say to them
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 73

Questão
Victims of child endangerment often become young offenders
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 74

Questão
Police officers are not only law enforcement officers, but social workers as well.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 75

Questão
Gang behaviour is found only in the largest cities in Canada
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 76

Questão
There are some clues as to whether gang behaviour exists in a community.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 77

Questão
Many young people have feelings when interacting with the police that can best be described as
Responda
  • Joyful
  • Ambivilent
  • Enthusiastic
  • Pitiful

Questão 78

Questão
What is the role of the police uniform in influencing the relationship with a young person?
Responda
  • It has no effect
  • It can be positive
  • It can be negative
  • It can be either positive or negative

Questão 79

Questão
Which of the following is probably NOT good advice to give a police officer on how to deal with young people?
Responda
  • Talk with kids
  • Don't let them beat you to the punch
  • Sweat the small stuff
  • Be firm, but fair

Questão 80

Questão
Which of the following is a form of child endangerment?
Responda
  • Neglect
  • Sexual molestation
  • Emotional abuse
  • All of the above

Questão 81

Questão
Which of the following is least likely to be true of victims of child abuse and neglect?
Responda
  • Victims of sexual abuse have parents who do not get along well
  • Victims have poor relationships with their parents
  • Sexual abuse victims have a dense web of peer relationships
  • Children between 8 and 12 are most vulnerable to sexual abuse

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