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Sudden Death CLASP

Descrição

A quiz based on everything I think might be relevant from the CLASP lectures which were uploaded to Medblogs and the pre-lecture formative.
Matthew Coulson
Quiz por Matthew Coulson, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Matthew Coulson
Criado por Matthew Coulson aproximadamente 5 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
[blank_start]After[blank_end] depolarizations are abnormal depolarizations of cardiac myocytes that interrupt phase 2, 3 or 4 of the cardiac AP in the cardiac conduction system of the heart
Responda
  • After

Questão 2

Questão
[blank_start]Early[blank_end] Afterdepolarisations can result in Torsades de Pointes
Responda
  • Early
  • Delayed

Questão 3

Questão
Early Afterdepolarisations are potentiated by drugs which prolong the [blank_start]QT[blank_end] interval
Responda
  • QT
  • PR
  • PT
  • QRS

Questão 4

Questão
Early Afterdepolarisations can be potentiated by which of the following?
Responda
  • Hypokalaemia
  • Hyperkalaemia
  • Hyponatraemia
  • Hypernatraemia

Questão 5

Questão
Torsades de pointes is commonly caused by low [blank_start]potassium[blank_end] levels and/or low [blank_start]magnesium[blank_end] levels
Responda
  • potassium
  • sodium
  • magnesium
  • iron
  • zinc
  • copper

Questão 6

Questão
Torsades de Pointes is a [blank_start]ventricular[blank_end] [blank_start]tachycardia[blank_end] which can be fatal.
Responda
  • ventricular
  • supraventricular
  • tachycardia
  • bradycardia

Questão 7

Questão
Early Afterdepolarisations occur during the [blank_start]repolarisation[blank_end] phase of the cardiac action potential
Responda
  • repolarisation
  • depolarisation

Questão 8

Questão
Delayed Afterdepolarisations occur during [blank_start]phase 4[blank_end] of the cardiac action potential - after repolarisation but before another action potential occurs.
Responda
  • phase 4
  • phase 0
  • phase 1
  • phase 2
  • phase 3

Questão 9

Questão
Delayed Afterdepolarisations typically occur due to raised Cytosolic [blank_start]Calcium[blank_end] levels Delayed Afterdepolarisations are classically seen in [blank_start]Digoxin[blank_end] Toxicity
Responda
  • Digoxin
  • Warfarin
  • Lithium
  • Paracetamol
  • Calcium
  • Sodium
  • Potassium
  • Magnesium

Questão 10

Questão
Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia is classically seen in [blank_start]delayed afterdepolarisations[blank_end]
Responda
  • delayed afterdepolarisations
  • early afterdepolarisations

Questão 11

Questão
Congenital Long QT Syndrome is associated with [blank_start]Torsades de Pointes[blank_end]
Responda
  • Torsades de Pointes
  • Brugada Syndrome

Questão 12

Questão
Congenital Long QT Syndrome which presents with deafness is likely autosomal [blank_start]recessive[blank_end] in nature
Responda
  • recessive
  • dominant

Questão 13

Questão
Congenital Short QT Syndrome occurs due to a mutation in the cardiac [blank_start]Potassium[blank_end] Channels
Responda
  • Potassium
  • Calcium
  • Sodium
  • Chloride

Questão 14

Questão
ST Elevation and Right Bundle Branch Block is indicative of Brugada Syndrome if it occurs in which of the following leads?
Responda
  • V1
  • V2
  • V3
  • V4
  • V5
  • V6

Questão 15

Questão
Brugada syndrome is inherited in an autosomal [blank_start]dominant[blank_end] pattern
Responda
  • dominant
  • recessive

Questão 16

Questão
Which 2 of the following are known to trigger Ventricular Fibrillation in patients with Brugada Syndrome? This can cause sudden cardiac death.
Responda
  • Sleep
  • Fever
  • Exercise
  • Stress

Questão 17

Questão
Antiarrhythmic medications (e.g. Amiodarone) and Analgesics (e.g. Paracetamol) should be avoided in Brugada Syndrome patients, for fear of causing Ventricular Fibrillation.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 18

Questão
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is a condition whereby Ventricular Fibrillation can be caused in response to adrenaline and/or noradrenaline. Which 2 of the following are the most common exacerbants of this condition?
Responda
  • Emotional Stress
  • Exercise
  • Sleep
  • Alcohol
  • Large Meals
  • Fever

Questão 19

Questão
Which of the following medications have been found to be beneficial in CPVT patients?
Responda
  • Beta Blockers
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Iron Chelators
  • ACE Inhibitors
  • Aldosterone Antagonists (e.g. Spironolactone)

Questão 20

Questão
Flecainide should be considered for treatment of which of the following conditions?
Responda
  • Brugada Syndrome
  • CPVT
  • Congenital Long QT Syndrome
  • Torsades de Pointes
  • Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome

Questão 21

Questão
Delta wave on an ECG is indicative of which of the following conditions?
Responda
  • Congenital Long QT Syndrome
  • Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome
  • Brugada Syndrome
  • Torsades de Pointes
  • CVPT

Questão 22

Questão
What is the most common genetic cause of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Responda
  • Sarcomeric Protein Gene Mutation
  • AMP-Kinase Mutation
  • FHL1 Mutation
  • Familial ATTR
  • Carnitine Mutation

Questão 23

Questão
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators are first line treatment for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 24

Questão
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is an autosomal dominant condition whereby mutations in the genes encoding cardiac [blank_start]desmosomes[blank_end] cause fibrofatty replacement of cardiomyocytes in the right ventricular, thus leading to arrhythmias.
Responda
  • desmosomes

Questão 25

Questão
Generally, which of the following types of medication has been proven to reduce the rate of Sudden Cardiac Death?
Responda
  • Beta Blockers
  • ACE Inhibitors
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Beta-2 Adrenoceptor Antagonists
  • Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Questão 26

Questão
The likelihood of having a disease if you have a gene mutation is called the [blank_start]Penetrance[blank_end] of a disease
Responda
  • Penetrance

Questão 27

Questão
Marfan Syndrome occurs due to a mutation to the [blank_start]Fibrillin[blank_end] gene
Responda
  • Fibrillin

Questão 28

Questão
The safest position for a baby to sleep in is on their side.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
You are receiving patients in casualty. A 38 yo healthy man became acutely unwell, becoming very pale and than grey and unresponsive. An ambulance was called, but in the interim, he spontaneously recovered. He has no past medical history. On arrival in hospital, his ECG was as follows: What is the most likely diagnosis? [blank_start]Brugada Syndrome[blank_end]
Image:
Picture107 (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • Brugada Syndrome

Questão 30

Questão
What is the only type of shock which causes a bradycardia (as opposed to tachycardia)?
Responda
  • Neurogenic Shock
  • Anaphylactic Shock
  • Cardiogenic Shock
  • Hypovolaemic Shock
  • Septic Shock

Questão 31

Questão
Which of the following should be given to treat neurogenic shock?
Responda
  • Vasopressors (e.g. Adrenaline)
  • Fluid and Blood Replacement
  • Inotropes (e.g. Dobutamine)

Questão 32

Questão
Inadequate organ perfusion caused by the failure of the heart to act as a pump is known as [blank_start]cardiogenic[blank_end] shock
Responda
  • cardiogenic

Questão 33

Questão
Anaphylactic shock is treated via IV [blank_start]adrenaline[blank_end]
Responda
  • adrenaline

Questão 34

Questão
Anaphylactic shock is treated with 500micrograms of adrenaline at a dilution of
Responda
  • 1 in 10000
  • 1 in 1000
  • 1 in 100
  • 1 in 10

Questão 35

Questão
A patient is hypertensive once their BP drops below [blank_start]90/60[blank_end]
Responda
  • 90/60
  • 90/70
  • 100/60
  • 100/70

Questão 36

Questão
In neurogenic shock, the [blank_start]sympathetic[blank_end] supply to the heart has been cut off which is which neurogenic shock results in [blank_start]bradycardia[blank_end] (when the other types of shock result in [blank_start]tachycardia[blank_end])
Responda
  • bradycardia
  • tachycardia
  • tachycardia
  • bradycardia
  • sympathetic
  • parasympathetic

Questão 37

Questão
MI, Heart Failure, PE and Cardiac Tamponade are all causes of which type of shock?
Responda
  • Cardiogenic Shock
  • Anaphylactic Shock
  • Hypovolaemic Shock
  • Septic Shock
  • Neurogenic Shock

Questão 38

Questão
Which of the following is most commonly known to cause cardiac arrest?
Responda
  • Hyperkalaemia
  • Hypokalaemia
  • Hypernatraemia
  • Hyponatraemia

Questão 39

Questão
Which two of the following are typically used to treat cardiogenic shock?
Responda
  • Inotropes (E.g. Dobutamine)
  • Vasopressors (E.g. Adrenaline)
  • Chronotropes (E.g. Atropine)
  • Beta Blockers (E.g. Propranolol)
  • ACE Inhibitors (E.g. Ramipril)

Questão 40

Questão
Which of the following are types of distributive shock? I.e. the blood volume is normal, it is just unevenly distributed
Responda
  • Cardiogenic Shock
  • Anaphylactic Shock
  • Hypovolaemic Shock
  • Neurogenic Shock
  • Septic Shock

Questão 41

Questão
At what depth should chest compressions be conducted?
Responda
  • 3-4cm
  • 5-6cm
  • 7-8cm

Questão 42

Questão
In a case of an adult with heart failure, rescue breaths should be conducted before chest compressions are started.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 43

Questão
Which of the following are shockable?
Responda
  • Ventricular Tachycardia
  • Ventricular Fibrillation
  • Pulseless Electrical Activity
  • Asystole

Questão 44

Questão
Which of the following are non-shockable rhythms?
Responda
  • Pulseless Electrical Activity
  • Asystole
  • Ventricular Tachycardia
  • Ventricular Fibrillation

Questão 45

Questão
IV Adrenaline (+IV Amiodarone if arrhythmia) should be given after [blank_start]3[blank_end] rounds of CPR and every [blank_start]3[blank_end] rounds thereafter
Responda
  • 3
  • 5
  • 10
  • 3
  • 5
  • 10

Questão 46

Questão
[blank_start]Clinical death[blank_end] is reversible [blank_start]Biologic death[blank_end] is irreversible
Responda
  • Clinical death
  • Biologic death

Questão 47

Questão
In absence of CPR, clinical death lasts around 3-6 minutes before biologic death occurs.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 48

Questão
Where are ECG electrodes placed? Right Arm = [blank_start]Red[blank_end] Left Arm = [blank_start]Yellow[blank_end] Left Leg = [blank_start]Green[blank_end] Right Leg = [blank_start]Blue[blank_end]
Responda
  • Blue
  • Green
  • Yellow
  • Red

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