Questão 1
Questão
Label these lymph nodes and associated structures. There are 11 sets/specific lymph nodes altogether.
Responda
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Occipital nodes
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Posterior/retro-auricular nodes
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Digastric muscle
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jugulodigastric node
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internal jugular vein
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deep cervical nodes
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jugulo-omohyoid node
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omohyoid muscle
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supraclavicular nodes
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superficial cervical nodes
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submental nodes
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submandibular nodes
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parotid/pre-auricular nodes
Questão 2
Questão
Complete the table outlining lymphatic drainage of the head and neck.
Responda
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Tip of the tongue
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Lips
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lower part of face
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mouth
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Nasal cavity
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Maxillary sinus
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Tonsils
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upper part of face
-
neck structures
-
superficial nodes
-
neck structures
-
deep head structures
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Lingual tonsil
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Posterior tongue
-
Chest
-
Abdomen
Questão 3
Questão
Label this diagram of the larynx from a lateral view.
Responda
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epiglottis
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thyroid cartilage
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laryngeal eminence
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position of vocal fold
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cricothyroid muscle
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cricothyroid ligament
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arch of cricoid cartilage
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first tracheal ring
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cricothyroid joint
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inferior horn of thyroid cartilage
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lamina of cricoid cartilage
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arytenoid cartilage
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superior horn of thyroid cartilage
Questão 4
Questão
Label these diagrams of the larynx from an anterior and posterior view.
Responda
-
epiglottis
-
thyroid cartilage
-
cricothyroid ligament
-
arytenoid cartilage
-
corniculate cartilage
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cricoid cartilage
Questão 5
Questão
What is the function of the cricothyroid muscle?
Responda
-
Contraction causes higher frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore increases pitch
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Contraction causes higher frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore decreases pitch
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Contraction causes lower frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore increases pitch
-
Contraction causes lower frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore decreases pitch
Questão 6
Questão
Where is an emergency tracheotomy carried out?
Questão 7
Questão
What are the 3 paired cartilages in the larynx?
1. [blank_start]Arytenoid[blank_end] cartilages
2. [blank_start]Corniculate[blank_end] cartilages
3. [blank_start]Cuneiform[blank_end] cartilages
Responda
-
Arytenoid
-
Corniculate
-
Cuneiform
Questão 8
Questão
At what (spinal) level is the larynx located?
Questão 9
Questão
What is the space between the ventricular folds of the larynx called?
Responda
-
Rima vestibuli
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Rima glottidis
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Laryngeal isthmus
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Ventricular isthmus
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Rima ventriculi
Questão 10
Questão
What is the space between the vocal folds in the larynx called?
Responda
-
Rima glottidis
-
Rima vestibuli
-
Rima ventriculi
-
Laryngeal isthmus
-
Vocal isthmus
Questão 11
Questão
What sort of epithelium does the larynx have above the vocal folds?
Responda
-
Non-keratinised stratified squamous
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Keratinised stratified squamous
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Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
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Pseudostratified ciliated cuboidal
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Simple squamous
Questão 12
Questão
What sort of epithelium does the larynx have below the vocal folds?
Questão 13
Questão
What is the motor innervation of the majority of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles?
Questão 14
Questão
What is the only instrinsic laryngeal muscle that is NOT innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
Responda
-
Cricothyroid m.
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Cricoarytenoid mm.
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Transverse arytenoid mm.
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Oblique arytenoid mm.
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Thyroarytenoid mm.
Questão 15
Questão
What is the sensory innervation of the laryngeal cavity above the vocal folds?
Questão 16
Questão
What is the sensory innervation of the laryngeal cavity BELOW the vocal folds?
Questão 17
Questão
Describe the blood supply of the larynx.
1. [blank_start]Superior laryngeal artery[blank_end] (branch of superior thyroid artery)
2. [blank_start]Inferior laryngeal artery[blank_end] (branch of inferior thyroid artery)
Questão 18
Questão
Describe the venous drainage of the larynx.
1. [blank_start]Superior laryngeal veins[blank_end] (drain into the internal jugular vein)
2. [blank_start]Inferior laryngeal veins[blank_end] (drain into the left brachiocephalic vein)
Responda
-
Superior laryngeal veins
-
Inferior laryngeal veins
Questão 19
Questão
Which lymph nodes are responsible for draining the larynx?
Responda
-
Deep cervical lymph nodes
-
Superficial cervical lymph nodes
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Jugulo-omohyoid node
-
Submandibular lymph nodes
-
Supraclavicular lymph nodes
Questão 20
Questão
What are the 4 extrinsic tongue muscles?
1. [blank_start]Palatoglossus[blank_end] muscle
2. [blank_start]Styloglossus[blank_end] muscle
3. [blank_start]Genioglossus[blank_end] muscle
4. [blank_start]Hyoglossus[blank_end] muscle
Responda
-
Palatoglossus
-
Styloglossus
-
Genioglossus
-
Hyoglossus
Questão 21
Questão
Which of the following is the only one not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?
Responda
-
Palatoglossus muscle
-
Styloglossus muscle
-
Hyoglossus muscle
-
Genioglossus muscle
-
Intrinsic tongue muscles
Questão 22
Questão
Which nerve innervates the palatoglossus muscle?
Responda
-
Vagus nerve
-
Hypoglossal nerve
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Glossopharyngeal nerve
-
Facial nerve
Questão 23
Questão
What are the 4 intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
1. [blank_start]Superior longitudinal muscles[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]Vertical muscles[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]Transverse muscles[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]Inferior longitudinal muscles[blank_end]
Questão 24
Questão
What are the 4 types of papillae on the tongue?
1. [blank_start]Filiform[blank_end] papillae
2. [blank_start]Fungiform[blank_end] papillae
3. [blank_start]Vallate[blank_end] papillae
4. [blank_start]Foliate[blank_end] papillae
Responda
-
Filiform
-
Fungiform
-
Vallate
-
Foliate
Questão 25
Questão
Which of the veins draining the tongue runs deep to the hyoglossus muscle?
Responda
-
Dorsal lingual vein
-
Deep lingual vein
Questão 26
Questão
What is the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve in the tongue?
Responda
-
Taste in the posterior 1/3
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Taste in the anterior 2/3
-
General sensation in anterior 2/3; rest of mouth
Questão 27
Questão
What is the sensory function of the lingual nerve?
Questão 28
Questão
What is the sensory function of the facial nerve in the tongue?
Questão 29
Questão
Which nerve gives off the lingual nerve, which supplies the tongue?
Responda
-
Maxillary branch of trigeminal n. (V2)
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Mandibular branch of trigeminal n. (V3)
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Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal n. (V1)
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Glossopharyngeal n.
-
Hypoglossal n.
Questão 30
Questão
Describe the 2 stages of oral cancer.
1. Benign
a) [blank_start]Leukoplakia[blank_end]
b) [blank_start]Erythroplakia[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]Squamous cell carcinoma[blank_end]
Responda
-
Leukoplakia
-
Erythroplakia
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
Questão 31
Questão
What are the 5 stages of oral cancer development?
1. Normal
2. Hyperplasia/[blank_start]hyperkeratosis[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]Mild/moderate dysplasia[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]Severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ[blank_end]
5. Squamous cell carcinoma